Notre Dame de Rouen. The façade of the Gothic Church in France. Photographer: Hippo1947. Licence: SHUTTERSTOCK.

14 October, 2026

Saint Callistus I. Pope And Martyr. Instituted The Ember Day Fasts. Feast Day 14 October. Red Vestments.


Text from The Saint Andrew Daily Missal,
unless otherwise stated.

Saint Callistus I.
   Pope.
   Martyr.

Double.

Red Vestments.



English: Pope Saint Callistus I,
Rheims Cathedral, France.
Français: Statue du pape St Calixte au trumeau du 
portail central du transept Nord, Notre-Dame de Reims.
Photo: 16 April 2007.
Source: Own work.
Author: Vassil
(Wikimedia Commons)

Callistus, a Roman by birth, succeeding Pope Saint Zephyrinus [Editor: Feast Day 26 August] in The See of Saint Peter, was called to share in The Priesthood of Christ in its fullness (Epistle, Collect).

It was Pope Saint Callistus I who instituted The Ember Day Fasts. He suffered Martyrdom 223 A.D.

Mass: Sacerdótes Dei.


English: Pope Saint Callistus I
instituting The Ember Day Fasts.
Français: Saint Calixte Ier
(Pope Calixtus I) instituant les jeûnes.
Cote: Français 185 , Fol. 201.
Vies de saints, France, Paris, XIVe siècle,
Richard de Montbaston et collaborateurs.
(Wikimedia Commons)


The following Text is from Wikipedia - the free encyclopædia.

Pope Callixtus I (♰ 223 A.D.), also called Pope Callistus I, was the Bishop of Rome (according to Sextus Julius Africanus) from 218 A.D., to his death. He lived during the Reigns of The Roman Emperors Elagabalus and Alexander Severus.

Eusebius and The Liberian Catalogue gave him five years of Episcopate (217 A.D. - 222 A.D.). He was Martyred for his Christian Faith and is Venerated as a Saint by The Catholic Church.

13 October, 2026

The Carthusians. Parkminster, Sussex, England.



The Carthusians.
Parkminster, Sussex, England.
Available On YouTube

“Messiah”. Composer: G. F. Handel.


 

“Messiah”.
Composer: G. F. Handel.
Performed by: VOCES8, Apollo5,
and The Academy of Ancient Music.
Conductor: Barnaby Smith.
From Trinity College Chapel,
Cambridge, England.

The following Text is from Wikipedia - the free encyclopædia.

Voces8, styled VOCES8, is an a cappella octet from the 
United Kingdom. They have appeared internationally and made recordings of classical music, jazz, pop, and their own arrangements.

Recent recordings are for Decca Classics and under their own label Voces8 Records. Educational efforts are run by the Voces8 Foundation.

Prayer To Saint Joseph.



Saint Joseph with The Infant Jesus.
Artist: Guido Reni (1575–1642).
Date: 1620s.
Collection: Hermitage Museum.
Source/Photographer: Web Gallery of Art.
(Wikimedia Commons)

Text from The Saint Andrew Daily Missal,
unless stated otherwise.


Prescribed by Pope Leo XIII, for the month of October,
after the recitation of The Holy Rosary
and The Litany of Our Lady (The Litany of Loreto).
21 September 1889.
Indulgence: 300 Days.

Unto thee, O Blessed Joseph, do we fly in our tribulation and,
having implored the help of thy Holy Spouse, we now, also,
confidently seek thy protection.

By that affection which united thee to The Immaculate Virgin Mother of God, and by thy fatherly love for The Child Jesus, we humbly beg thee to look down with compassion on the inheritance which Jesus Christ purchased with His Blood, and, in our need, to help us by thy powerful intercession.


Do thou, O prudent guardian of The Holy Family, watch over the chosen people of Jesus Christ. Keep us, O loving father, safe from all error and corruption.

O great protector, from thy place in Heaven, graciously help us in our contest against the powers of darkness. And, as of old thou didst rescue The Child Jesus from the danger of death, so now defend God’s Holy Church from the snares of the enemy and from all adversity.

Extend to each one of us thy continual protection, that, 
led on by thine example, and strengthened by thine aid, 
we may live and die in Holiness, and obtain everlasting happiness in Heaven.

Amen.

Lincoln Cathedral Organ.



Lincoln Cathedral Organ.
With Jeffrey Makinson.
Available on YouTube

Saint Edward (1003 - 1066). King And Confessor. Feast Day 13 October. White Vestments.

 

Text from The Saint Andrew Daily Missal,
unless stated otherwise.

Saint Edward.
   King and Confessor.
   Feast Day 13 October.

Semi-Double.

White Vestments.


Saint Edward the Confessor.
Date: 13th-Century.
Source: http://molcat1.bl.uk/IllImages/
Kslides%5Cmid/K066/K066609.jpg
Author: Anonymous.
(Wikimedia Commons)

Edward, called "The Confessor", was a grandson of Saint Edward, King and Martyr, who Reigned 975 A.D. - 978 A.D.

When he was raised to The Throne of England, "it was seen," says a historian, "what can be done by a King, who is the true father of his Subjects. All those who approached him endeavoured to regulate their lives according to his. Neither ambition, nor the love of riches, nor any of the passions which are unfortunately so common among Courtiers, were known at his Court."

He was everywhere called The Father of The Orphans, and of The Poor, and he was never happier than when he could distribute alms (Epistle). He always granted, what was requested of him, in the name of Saint John the Evangelist.

He died in 1066.

Mass: Os justi.


A Sealed Writ of Edward the Confessor,
issued in favour of Westminster Abbey.
This File: 16 April 2007.
User: Canley
(Wikipedia)

The following Text is from Wikipedia - the free encyclopædia.

Edward the Confessor (1003-1066), son of Æthelred the Unready and Emma of Normandy, was one of the last Anglo-Saxon Kings of England and is usually regarded as the last King of The House of Wessex, ruling from 1042 to 1066.

Edward has traditionally been seen as unworldly and pious, and his Reign is notable for the disintegration of Royal power in England and the advance in power of The Godwin Family.



Edward’s Seal: 
SIGILLVM EADWARDI ANGLORVM BASILEI
(Seal of Edward. Crowned King of The English).
First Great Seal of Edward the Confessor.
Date: 1915.
Author: 
HISTORY OF ENGLAND by SAMUEL R. GARDINER.
(Wikimedia Commons)

Edward succeeded Cnut the Great’s son, Harthacnut, restoring the Rule of the House of Wessex after the period of Danish Rule since Cnut conquered England in 1016. When Edward died in 1066, he was succeeded by Harold Godwinson, who was defeated and killed in the same year by the Normans, under William the Conqueror, at the Battle of Hastings.

Edward is called Confessor, the name for someone believed to have lived a Saintly life, but who was not a Martyr, in Latin S. Eduardus Confessor rex Anglorum, as opposed to S. Eduardus Martyr rex Anglorum. He was Canonised in 1161 by Pope Alexander III, and is Commemorated on 13 October by both The Church of England and The Roman Catholic Church in England and Wales.

Saint Edward was one of the National Saints of England until King Edward III adopted Saint George as Patron Saint in about 1350.



English: Bayeux Tapestry.
and Harold Godwinson, at Winchester.
Français: Tapisserie de Bayeux. Scène 1: le roi 
Édouard le Confesseur reçoit son beau-frère 
Harold Godwinson dans son palais de Winchester 
et lui confie une mission.
Photo: 7 March 2013.
Source: Own work.
Author: Myrabella
(Wikimedia Commons)

12 October, 2026

“Parce Mihi Domine” (“Spare Me, O Lord”). Composed By: Cristóbal de Morales.



“Parce Mihi Domine”
(“Spare Me, O Lord”).
Composed By: Cristóbal de Morales.
Sung By: The Hilliard Ensemble.
Jan Garbarek (Saxophone).
Available On YouTube

“Sancta Maria, Succurre Miseris”. Composed By: Cristóbal de Morales. Sung By: Westminster Cathedral Choir.



“Sancta Maria, Succurre Miseris”.
Composed By: Cristóbal de Morales.
Sung By: Westminster Cathedral Choir.
Director Of Music: James O'Donnell.
Available On YouTube

Text from Wikipedia.

Cristóbal de Morales (1500 – 1553) was a Spanish Composer of the Renaissance. 

He is generally considered to be the most influential Spanish Composer before Tomás Luis de Victoria.

Morales’s fame was due in part to the numerous testimonials of those around him. 

The Spanish theorist Juan Bermudo declared him “the light of Spain in music”, while, in 1559, a Mexican Choir – Spanish polyphony in particular was quick to reach the New World – sang his music at a Service Commemorating the death of the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V the previous year. 

This fame continued into the 18th-Century, when Andrea Adami da Bolsena, biographer of many Papal Musicians, praised him as the Papal Chapel’s most important Composer between Josquin des Prez and Palestrina.

The Boxer” Sung By: Simon and Garfunkel.



“The Boxer”
Sung By:  Simon and Garfunkel.
From the Concert in Central Park.
Available on YouTube

“Hymn To Love”. “Hymne Á L’amour”. Jeux Olympiques De Paris 2024. Sung By: Céline Dion.



“Hymn to love”.
“Hymne à l’amour”.
Jeux Olympiques de Paris 2024.
Sung by: Céline Dion.
Available on YouTube

The Divine Holy Mass.



Illustration: FR. Z's BLOG


The British Army in North-West Europe.
Father C. V. Murphy Celebrates Mass 
in a Dutch field in The Front Line, 6 October 1944.
Date: 1944.
Author: Mapham J (Sgt),
No 5 Army Film and Photographic Unit.
(Wikimedia Commons)

Wells Cathedral. An Occasional Update On England’s Magnificent Cathedrals.



The Great West Front,
Wells Cathedral.
Photo: 30 April 2014.
Source: Own work.
Attribution: 
Photo by DAVID ILIFF.
Licence: CC BY-SA 3.0.
Author: Diliff
(Wikimedia Commons)


Wells Cathedral.
Photo: 26 February 2014.
Source:Own work.
Author: Rodw
(Wikimedia Commons)

Text is from WELLS CATHEDRAL
unless stated otherwise.

The Great West Front.

The present Cathedral was begun about 1175 on a new site to the North of an old Minster Church.

Bishop Reginald de Bohun brought the idea of a revolutionary Architectural Style from France, and Wells was the first English Cathedral to be built entirely in this new Gothic Style.

The first building phase took about eighty years, building from The East End to The West End, culminating in the magnificent West Front. About 300 of its original Mediæval statues remain: a glorious theatrical Stone backdrop for Feast Day Processions.


The Jesse Window,
Wells Cathedral.
Photo: 14 February 2008.
This File is licensed under the 
Author: IDS.photos from Tiverton, U.K.
(Wikimedia Commons)

The Jesse Window.

The Jesse Window at Wells Cathedral is one of the most splendid examples of 14th-Century Stained-Glass in Europe. The Window, in its dominant colours of Green and Gold, depicts a Jesse tree and shows the family and ancestors of Christ. Jesse being the father of King David.

It dates from about 1340 and, considering its age, is still remarkably intact. Fortunately, the Window has survived the vicissitudes of time and British history (narrowly escaping destruction during The English Civil War). What we see today is basically how Mediæval glaziers designed and created it and how our ancestors viewed it before us.

There have been sensitive repairs over the Centuries, of course, and steps were taken during World War II to protect the Window.

The Cathedral embarked, however, on a major project to conserve The Jesse Window in 2011. More about this ambitious project can be found in the Conservation section.


The Scissor Arches, 
Wells Cathedral,
Somerset, England.
Photo: July 2006.
Source: Wikimedia Commons.
This work has been released into the public domain 
by its author, Arpingstone. This applies worldwide.
Author: Adrian Pingstone.
(Wikimedia Commons)

The Scissor Arches.

The Scissor Arches were constructed from 1338 - 1348 as an engineering solution to a very real problem.

By 1313, a High Tower, topped by a Lead-covered Wooden Spire, had been constructed, but, as the Foundations were not stable, large cracks began to appear in the Tower structure.

In fear of a total collapse, several attempts at internal strengthening and buttressing were made, until the famous “Scissor Arches” were put in place by the Master Mason, William Joy, as a solution.

“Bring Him Home”. The Piano Guys.



“Bring Him Home”.
The Piano Guys.
Available on YouTube

A Little Levity To Lighten Your Day . . .



“Bred Any Good Rooks, Lately ?”

The Motherhood Of The Blessed Virgin Mary. Feast Day 11 October. White Vestments.

 


“Mary” superimposed on its Hebrew source מרים (Miryam/Miriam).
Date: 14 July 2013.
Source: Own work.
Author: Jayarathina
(Wikimedia Commons)


English: Madonna on Floral Wreath.
Deutsch: Madonna im Blumenkranz.
Artist: Peter Paul Rubens (1577–1640)
with
Jan Brueghel the Elder (1568–1625).
Date: Circa 1619.
Collection: Alte Pinakothek, Munich, Germany.
(Wikimedia Commons)

                       











Illustration: HERITAGE TYPE COMPANY


Feast of The Motherhood of The Blessed Virgin Mary.
11 October.
Double-Major.
Roman Breviary 1901.
Illustration: Zephyrinus.


This Feast of The Motherhood of The Blessed Virgin Mary was Celebrated, yesterday, 11 October.

Because of the state of the World, these days, Zephyrinus again brings this most beautiful Feast Day to the Readers of this Blog, with a recommendation to devote themselves to our Beloved Mother and, in addition, to adopt a regular recitation of The Divine Holy Rosary, which pleases our Beloved Mother very much.

The following Text is from
   “The Liturgical Year”.
   By Abbot Guéranger, O.S.B.
   Volume 14.
   Time after Pentecost.
   Book V.

In the 16th-Century, even amidst their many divergences, the so-called Reformers agreed in utterly rejecting all the honours paid by The Catholic Church to The Blessed Virgin Mary.

This they did on the grounds that such Veneration of The Mother detracted from the supreme Worship due to her Divine Son.

Four centuries [Editor: This book was written in the Late-19th-Century] have more than sufficed to show the result of so doing: The Son has followed The Mother !!!



The descendants of those who refused to Mary the Title and Rights of Theotokos — “Mother of God” — refuse to Jesus the Title of Son of God in the Traditional sense of the term.

Many reject His Godhead altogether, placing Him merely at the head of the line of great moral and social World-Teachers; others still retain the word “Divinity” with respect to Him, but, for them, it is no longer synonymous with “Deity”.

Holy Scripture tells us that those who first came to adore Him, Who is Son of God and Son of Mary, found Him “with Mary His Mother”.

      


At the scene of the first Miracle, at Cana, which marked the opening of His public life, “The Mother of Jesus was there”.

In the tremendous hour when all was consummated, when types and shadows gave place to the mighty reality, “there stood, by The Cross of Jesus, His Mother”.

And when the little flock, who were to be the nucleus of The Church of God, awaited in Prayer the coming of The Paraclete, Who would teach them all truth, again, it was in company with “Mary, The Mother of Jesus”.



Far from taking from the honour and love due to The Word Incarnate, devotion to Mary is a strong bulwark protecting the central doctrine. He is ever found with His Mother; where Mary is denied her Rights, sooner or later Jesus is denied His; they stand or fall together.

This was realised in 431 A.D., when, at The General Council of Ephesus, The Church condemned the Nestorian heresy, whereby the Patriarch of Constantinople, Nestorius, had taught that, since in Christ there are two persons, a Divine and a human, Mary was the Mother only of The Man Christ, and, therefore, could not be called “Mother of God”.

He therefore denied “that wondrous and substantial union of the two natures which we call hypostatic”.


English: The Virgin at Prayer.
Français : La Vierge en prière.
Artist: 
(1609–1685).
Date: 1640-1650.
Collection: National Gallery
Source/Photographer: Web Gallery of Art
(Wikipedia)

On the occasion of the fifteenth centenary of The Council of Ephesus, the Sovereign Pontiff, Pope Pius XI, issued the Encyclical “Lux Veritatis”, recalling the history of the heresy and commenting thus upon the dogma of the hypostatic union: “When once the doctrine of the hypostatic union is abandoned, whereon the dogmas of The Incarnation and of man’s Redemption rest and stand firm, the whole foundation of The Catholic Religion falls and comes to ruin . . .

“When once this dogma of the truth is securely established, it is easy to gather from it that, by the mystery of The Incarnation, the whole aggregate of men and mundane things has been endowed with a dignity than which certainly nothing greater can be imagined, and surely grander than that to which it was raised by the work of creation”.

Proceeding to speak of the special dignity of The Blessed Virgin Mary, the Pope emphasises that, “because she brought forth The Redeemer of mankind, she is also in a manner the most tender Mother of us all, whom Christ Our Lord deigned to have as His brothers; wherefore, we may confidently entrust to her all things that are ours, our joys, our troubles, our hopes; especially if more difficult times fall upon The Church — if Faith fail because Charity has grown cold, if private and public morals take a turn for the worse”.


In this last connection, we are reminded of another result of the loss of devotion to The Mother of God. Frequently, and truly, we hear and speak of the “paganism” of the present age. The decay of Faith has been followed inevitably by a decline in morality, and our elaborate and complex civilisation is threatened with the dissolving agent which contributed in no small measure to the overthrow of the magnificent civilisation of old Rome: Namely, the loss of the domestic virtues, the disappearance of healthy, normal,  family life, consequent upon the abandonment of the Christian ideals of marriage and parenthood.

It is a truism that one of the greatest social effects of Christianity was to raise the status of womanhood. Her legal position in the Ancient World was little better than that of a slave, and although classical literature furnishes us with examples of women who, in pagan homes, yet enjoyed high honour and affection, such are few indeed, and but serve to prove the rule.

Divorce, infanticide, general degradation of womanhood, and not infrequently of childhood, were accepted features of pagan social order.



The ideal and model of the “new woman” of the Christian dispensation was The Mother of God. It was Mary, “Mother of Fair Love”, “Madonna”, “Our Lady”, who ennobled the degenerate old civilisation, just as she tamed the fierce barbarian peoples; she it was who inspired the ideals of the later chivalry.

In Mary, all her sex was uplifted; in her motherhood, all motherhood became Blessed. Now, again, the World needs the hallowing influence of The Mother of God and of men, if “the life of the family, the beginning and the foundation of all human society” is to be preserved in all its nobility and its purity.

Desirous “to mark the Commemoration, and help to nourish the piety of Clergy and people towards the great Mother of God”, his Holiness concludes the Encyclical by establishing the new Feast of The Divine Motherhood, to be Celebrated on 11 October by The Universal Church.

Mass: Ecce, Virgo concipiet.
Preface: Of The Blessed Virgin Mary: Et te in festivitate.


  


Feast of The Motherhood of The Blessed Virgin Mary.
11 October.
Double-Major.
Roman Breviary 1901.
Illustration: Zephyrinus.

11 October, 2026

The Feast Day Of The Motherhood Of The Blessed Virgin Mary. 11 October. From The Roman Breviary (Summer 1879). White Vestments.

 


Text from The Roman Breviary.
Translated out of Latin into English by
John, Marquess of Bute, K.T.
Volume II.
Summer.
1879.


English: Madonna on Floral Wreath.
Deutsch: Madonna im Blumenkranz.
Artist: Peter Paul Rubens (1577–1640)
with
Jan Brueghel the Elder (1568–1625).
Date: Circa 1619.
Collection: Alte Pinakothek, Munich, Germany.
(Wikimedia Commons)


Feast Day Of The Motherhood of The Blessed Virgin.
11 October.

Note: In the 1879 Roman Breviary, prior to the reforms of Pope Saint Pius X, this Feast Day was Celebrated on The Second Sunday of October.

Greater-Double.

All from The Common Office for The Blessed Virgin Mary’s Feasts (Page 894), except the following.

Included within the Office for this Feast Day was the following:


First Vespers:

Antiphons, Chapter, and Prayer, all from Lauds.

Versicle: Blessed art thou among women.

Response: And Blessed is the fruit of thy womb.

Antiphon at The Song of The Blessed Virgin: Let us keep glad holiday in honour of The Motherhood of The Blessed Mary, always a Virgin.

A Commemoration is made of the Sunday.

Mattins:

Invitatory: Let us keep holiday in honour of The Motherhood of The Blessed Mary * Let us Worship Christ, her Son, and her Lord, and ours.


Hymn:

(Translation by the Late Rev. E. Caswall).

The Saviour left high Heaven to dwell
Within The Virgin’s womb . . .

First Nocturn:

First Lesson:


The Lesson is taken from The Book of Ecclesiasticus (xxiv. 5.).

I came out of the mouth of The Most High before there was any creature . . .

First Responsory: O Holy Virgin Mary, happy art thou, and right worthy of all praise, for out of thee rose the Sun of righteousness, even Christ our God, by Whom we are saved and redeemed.

Versicle: Let us keep glad holiday in honour of The Motherhood of The Blessed Virgin Mary.

Response: For out of thee rose the Sun of righteousness, even Christ our God, by Whom we are saved and redeemed.

Then follows the rest of the Office for the Feast.

The Motherhood Of The Blessed Virgin Mary. Feast Day 11 October. White Vestments.



  

Illustration: HERITAGE TYPE COMPANY

“Mary” superimposed on its Hebrew source מרים (Miryam/Miriam).
Date: 14 July 2013.
Source: Own work.
Author: Jayarathina
(Wikimedia Commons)


English: Madonna on Floral Wreath.
Deutsch: Madonna im Blumenkranz.
Artist: Peter Paul Rubens (1577–1640)
with
Jan Brueghel the Elder (1568–1625).
Date: Circa 1619.
Collection: Alte Pinakothek, Munich, Germany.
(Wikimedia Commons)


   

The following Text is from
   “The Liturgical Year”.
   By Abbot Guéranger, O.S.B.
   Volume 14.
   Time after Pentecost.
   Book V.

In the 16th-Century, even amidst their many divergences, the so-called Reformers agreed in utterly rejecting all the honours paid by The Catholic Church to The Blessed Virgin Mary.

This they did on the grounds that such Veneration of The Mother detracted from the supreme Worship due to her Divine Son.

Four centuries [Editor: This book was written in the Late-19th-Century] have more than sufficed to show the result of so doing: The Son has followed The Mother !!!



    

The descendants of those who refused to Mary the Title and Rights of Theotokos — “Mother of God” — refuse to Jesus the Title of Son of God in the Traditional sense of the term.

Many reject His Godhead altogether, placing Him merely at the head of the line of great moral and social World-Teachers; others still retain the word “Divinity” with respect to Him, but, for them, it is no longer synonymous with “Deity”.

Holy Scripture tells us that those who first came to adore Him, Who is Son of God and Son of Mary, found Him “with Mary His Mother”.

    
  

At the scene of the first Miracle, at Cana, which marked the opening of His public life, “The Mother of Jesus was there”.

In the tremendous hour when all was consummated, when types and shadows gave place to the mighty reality, “there stood, by The Cross of Jesus, His Mother”.

And when the little flock, who were to be the nucleus of The Church of God, awaited in Prayer the coming of The Paraclete, Who would teach them all truth, again, it was in company with “Mary, The Mother of Jesus”.



  

Far from taking from the honour and love due to The Word Incarnate, devotion to Mary is a strong bulwark protecting the central doctrine. He is ever found with His Mother; where Mary is denied her Rights, sooner or later Jesus is denied His; they stand or fall together.

This was realised in 431 A.D., when, at The General Council of Ephesus, The Church condemned the Nestorian heresy, whereby the Patriarch of Constantinople, Nestorius, had taught that, since in Christ there are two persons, a Divine and a human, Mary was the Mother only of The Man Christ, and, therefore, could not be called “Mother of God”.

He therefore denied “that wondrous and substantial union of the two natures which we call hypostatic”.


English: The Virgin at Prayer.
Français : La Vierge en prière.
Artist: 
(1609–1685).
Date: 1640-1650.
Collection: National Gallery
Source/Photographer: Web Gallery of Art
(Wikipedia)

  

On the occasion of the fifteenth centenary of The Council of Ephesus, the Sovereign Pontiff, Pope Pius XI, issued the Encyclical “Lux Veritatis”, recalling the history of the heresy and commenting thus upon the dogma of the hypostatic union: “When once the doctrine of the hypostatic union is abandoned, whereon the dogmas of The Incarnation and of man’s Redemption rest and stand firm, the whole foundation of The Catholic Religion falls and comes to ruin . . .

“When once this dogma of the truth is securely established, it is easy to gather from it that, by the mystery of The Incarnation, the whole aggregate of men and mundane things has been endowed with a dignity than which certainly nothing greater can be imagined, and surely grander than that to which it was raised by the work of creation”.

Proceeding to speak of the special dignity of The Blessed Virgin Mary, the Pope emphasises that, “because she brought forth The Redeemer of mankind, she is also in a manner the most tender Mother of us all, whom Christ Our Lord deigned to have as His brothers; wherefore, we may confidently entrust to her all things that are ours, our joys, our troubles, our hopes; especially if more difficult times fall upon The Church — if Faith fail because Charity has grown cold, if private and public morals take a turn for the worse”.


  

In this last connection, we are reminded of another result of the loss of devotion to The Mother of God. Frequently, and truly, we hear and speak of the “paganism” of the present age. The decay of Faith has been followed inevitably by a decline in morality, and our elaborate and complex civilisation is threatened with the dissolving agent which contributed in no small measure to the overthrow of the magnificent civilisation of old Rome: Namely, the loss of the domestic virtues, the disappearance of healthy, normal,  family life, consequent upon the abandonment of the Christian ideals of marriage and parenthood.

It is a truism that one of the greatest social effects of Christianity was to raise the status of womanhood. Her legal position in the Ancient World was little better than that of a slave, and although classical literature furnishes us with examples of women who, in pagan homes, yet enjoyed high honour and affection, such are few indeed, and but serve to prove the rule.

Divorce, infanticide, general degradation of womanhood, and not infrequently of childhood, were accepted features of pagan social order.



  

The ideal and model of the “new woman” of the Christian dispensation was The Mother of God. It was Mary, “Mother of Fair Love”, “Madonna”, “Our Lady”, who ennobled the degenerate old civilisation, just as she tamed the fierce barbarian peoples; she it was who inspired the ideals of the later chivalry.

In Mary, all her sex was uplifted; in her motherhood, all motherhood became Blessed. Now, again, the World needs the hallowing influence of The Mother of God and of men, if “the life of the family, the beginning and the foundation of all human society” is to be preserved in all its nobility and its purity.

Desirous “to mark the Commemoration, and help to nourish the piety of Clergy and people towards the great Mother of God”, his Holiness concludes the Encyclical by establishing the new Feast of The Divine Motherhood, to be Celebrated on
11 October by The Universal Church.

Mass: Ecce, Virgo concipiet.
Preface: Of The Blessed Virgin Mary: Et te in festivitate.


  
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