“The State of Education”.
“Yes, Prime Minister”.
BBC Studios.
Available on YouTube
12 February, 2026
Pope Alexander II (1010 - 1073). Authorised The Norman Invasion Of Britain In 1066. (Part Three).
Text is from Wikipedia - the free encyclopædia,
unless stated otherwise.
The new Pope, Alexander II, was Crowned on 1 October 1061 in the Basilica of San Pietro-in-Vincoli, because opposition to the Election on the part of the Romans and German sympathisers made a Coronation in St. Peter's Basilica impossible.[17]
The German Court nominated another candidate, Cadalus, Bishop of Parma, who was proclaimed Pope (he became an Anti-Pope) at a Council held at Basel, Switzerland, under the name of Honorius II. He marched to Rome and for a long time threatened his rival’s position.
At length, after a Palace Coup, which replaced Empress Agnes as Regent with Archbishop Anno II of Cologne, Honorius was forsaken by the German Court. He was deposed by a Council held at Mantua on 31 May-1 June 1064.[13][19]
Honorius continued to challenge Alexander II’s position until he (Honorius) died in 1072. The next sixty years exhibited one Schism after another.[20]
As early as 1063, the Normans, taking advantage of the Schism, successfully expanded their empire by attacking and seizing the city of Gaeta, an important port leading into the Southern part of the Roman Campagna.
In 1066, Richard of Capua, who had helped Alexander enter Rome and secure a Coronation in October 1061, suddenly changed sides. With the Germans abandoning Cadalo and embracing Alexander, the Normans were no longer the mainstay and support of the Papacy, and were faced with a competitor which had designs on the same territories as the Normans.
The Barons of the Roman Campagna, too, saw an advantage to be gained (or at least revenge to be extracted) by joining the Normans against Alexander and the reform party of Hildebrand, which had robbed them of their Rights in Papal Elections and the Civil Government of The Church.
Moving North, Prince Richard seized Ceprano, devastated Lazio, and encamped outside Rome, from which he demanded the Title of “Patricius”.[21]
In the meantime, the frantic Cardinal Hildebrand repeatedly called upon Marquis Godfrey of Tuscany, who was with King Henry in Germany, to come to the aid of Rome.[22]
PART FOUR FOLLOWS.
Aelred Of Rievaulx. (Part Eleven).
Rievaulx Abbey, Yorkshire.
Date: 2011.
Source: http://www.wyrdlight.com
This file is licensed under the
Share Alike 3.0 Unported licence.
Attribution: WyrdLight.com
Author: Antony McCallum
(Wikimedia Commons)
Dr. Marsha Dutton.
“The Historical Works Of Saint Aelred Of Rievaulx”.
“Part Three: The Genealogy Of The Kings Of England”.
Available on YouTube
PART TWELVE FOLLOWS.
Lent Is On Its Way !!! Go To Confession. “ Prepare For Battle !!! ”
“Prepare For Battle”.
Available on YouTube
Lent is on its way !!!
Go to Confession.
Prepare for Battle.
With acknowledgement to Fr. Z at
The Album: “Compostela: Ad Vesperas Sancti Iacobi". Sung By: Ensemble Organum. The Director Of Music Is Marcel Pérès.
“Ad Vesperas Sancti Iacobi”.
From the Album:
“Compostela: Ad Vesperas Sancti Iacobi".
Sung by: Ensemble Organum.
Director of Music: Marcel Pérès.
Available on YouTube
Sarum Use “First Vespers” On Candlemas Eve. Largest Sarum Use Liturgy Ever Offered Since The Reign Of Queen Mary I of England (1553-1558). Over Seven Hundred People Attended.
Illustration: MODERN MEDIEVALISM
First Vespers.
The Sarum Use.
Candlemas Eve.
1 February 2020.
Saint Patrick's Church,
Philadelphia.
Available on YouTube
This Article was first published in February 2020.
You are encouraged to follow the Video with The Congregational Service Booklet, which was designed and posted HERE.
Additionally, an official Photo Album may be found at THIS LINK.
This Article is taken from, and can be read in full at,
While posting on MODERN MEDIEVALISM has been slow, the Modern Medievalist has been hard at work. Today
(12 February 2020), the Modern Medievalism Facebook page exceeded 4,000 "likes".
This has been partly due to new exposure over what many of you already know: The Sarum Vespers which were Celebrated last weekend at St Patrick’s Church in Philadelphia.
This historic occasion was attended by over 700 people, making it almost certainly the largest Sarum Use Liturgy ever offered since the Reign of Queen Mary I of England. Yours truly was the principal organiser of the event.
I'm happy to say that its success has introduced me to deeper obligations: Namely, the Foundation of a new Liturgical Institute devoted to all forms of Catholic Liturgy, but with special focus on The Medieval Uses, and those of The Religious Orders. The Durandus Institute for Sacred Liturgy and Music will likely demand more and more of my time; yet I hope to maintain this Blog for more casual observations, here and there.
A more detailed write-up of The Sarum Vespers will be posted on The New Liturgical Movement Blog, soon. In the meantime, I encourage you to watch the video of The Sarum Vespers (see, above). If you open the Link to YouTube, you'll find a detailed description with convenient timestamps for finding various sections of interest.
This has been partly due to new exposure over what many of you already know: The Sarum Vespers which were Celebrated last weekend at St Patrick’s Church in Philadelphia.
This historic occasion was attended by over 700 people, making it almost certainly the largest Sarum Use Liturgy ever offered since the Reign of Queen Mary I of England. Yours truly was the principal organiser of the event.
I'm happy to say that its success has introduced me to deeper obligations: Namely, the Foundation of a new Liturgical Institute devoted to all forms of Catholic Liturgy, but with special focus on The Medieval Uses, and those of The Religious Orders. The Durandus Institute for Sacred Liturgy and Music will likely demand more and more of my time; yet I hope to maintain this Blog for more casual observations, here and there.
A more detailed write-up of The Sarum Vespers will be posted on The New Liturgical Movement Blog, soon. In the meantime, I encourage you to watch the video of The Sarum Vespers (see, above). If you open the Link to YouTube, you'll find a detailed description with convenient timestamps for finding various sections of interest.
The Durandus Institute for Sacred Liturgy & Music.
E-Mail address: chantphiladelphia@gmail.com
YouTube Channel: HERE
The Durandus Institute for Sacred Liturgy and Music
aims to evangelise through beauty: By organising Solemn Liturgical Celebrations through the year, as well
as providing Workshops and Consultations for Parishes and other local groups in the Philadelphia Metropolitan and surrounding regions.
The Institute takes its name from Giullaume Durand (circa 1230-1296), also known as Durandus: A Mediæval French Bishop and Liturgical Author.
His important Liturgical Work was the “Rationale Divinorum Officiorum”, a Treatise on the Symbolism and Spiritual Significance of Church Architecture and Ceremonies of
The Mass and Divine Office.
The “Rationale” was among the first books
reproduced by Gutenberg or associates after
the invention of the printing press.
Some More Levity To Get You Through The Day.
“Yes, Prime Minister”.
Bernard Woolley On “Defence Capabilities”.
Available on YouTube
The Seven Holy Founders Of The Servite Order. Confessors. Feast Day 12 February. White Vestments.
unless otherwise stated.
The Seven Holy Founders of The Servite Order.
Confessors.
Feast Day 12 February.
Double.
White Vestments.
Chicago, Illinois.
A Servite Church.
Date: 2 February 2008.
Author: Original by User:JeremyA ,
edited version by User:Capital photographer.
Permission: From Source: Permission is granted for re-use under the terms of The Creative Commons licence specified below. The required attribution is: © 2008, Jeremy Atherton.
This work is licensed under the
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Licence.
(Wikipedia)
Cupola in The Servite Mother Church,
Santissima Annunziata, Florence, Italy.
Photo: 10 June 2007.
Source: Own work.
Author: sailko
(Wikimedia Commons)
The Servite Order.
(Wikimedia Commons)
Today, The Liturgy honours seven noble Florentines, who,
“in 1223, enriched The Church with a new Religious Family” (Collect). They received, by a providential circumstance, from the mouth of little children (Introit) the name of “Servants of Mary”.
Illustrious by their birth, these Founders became still more so by the salutary influence of their Order (Communion) in France, Germany, and Poland. “Their Race endures for ever and their glory shall never be dimmed” (Epistle), for they survive in their Disciples.
Leaving everything, they retire to Monte Senario, near Florence, Italy, atone by their austerities for the sins of guilty men [Hymn at Matins] and, clothed in mourning Habit, shown to them by The Virgin, they constantly meditate on The Passion of Jesus and The Dolours of Mary at the foot of The Cross (Collect, Postcommunion).
“Burning with love for The Sorrowful Mother of Jesus” (Secret), “let us join in the tears” (Collect) of the Saints whom we honour, today, in order that “deserving to enjoy the Fruits of Christ’s Redemption” (Postcommunion), “we may also have a share in their joys” (Collect).
Mass: Justi decantavérunt.
Commemoration: Of the Feria in Lent.
Last Gospel: Of the Feria in Lent.
The following Text is from Wikipedia - the free encyclopædia.
The Servite Order is one of the five original Catholic Mendicant Orders.
Illustrious by their birth, these Founders became still more so by the salutary influence of their Order (Communion) in France, Germany, and Poland. “Their Race endures for ever and their glory shall never be dimmed” (Epistle), for they survive in their Disciples.
Deutsch: Servitenkirche, Innsbruck, Österreich
Photo: 11 July 2007.
Source: Own work.
Author: Andrew Bossi
(Wikimedia Commons)
Leaving everything, they retire to Monte Senario, near Florence, Italy, atone by their austerities for the sins of guilty men [Hymn at Matins] and, clothed in mourning Habit, shown to them by The Virgin, they constantly meditate on The Passion of Jesus and The Dolours of Mary at the foot of The Cross (Collect, Postcommunion).
“Burning with love for The Sorrowful Mother of Jesus” (Secret), “let us join in the tears” (Collect) of the Saints whom we honour, today, in order that “deserving to enjoy the Fruits of Christ’s Redemption” (Postcommunion), “we may also have a share in their joys” (Collect).
Mass: Justi decantavérunt.
Commemoration: Of the Feria in Lent.
Last Gospel: Of the Feria in Lent.
Alexis Falconieri (☩ 1310),
one of The Seven Founders of The Servite Order.
Date: 2 October 2008.
Source: http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Author: D0bermalek
(Wikimedia Commons)
The following Text is from Wikipedia - the free encyclopædia.
The Servite Order is one of the five original Catholic Mendicant Orders.
Its objects are the Sanctification of its Members, Preaching the Gospel, and the propagation of Devotion to The Mother of God, with special reference to her Sorrows.
The Members of the Order use O.S.M. (Ordo Servorum Beatæ Mariæ Virginis) as their Post-Nominal Letters. The male Members are known as Servite Friars, or, Servants of Mary.
The Order of Servants of Mary (The Servites) is a Religious Family that embraces a Membership of Friars (Priests and Brothers), Contemplative Nuns, a Congregation of Active Sisters and Lay Groups.
The Members of the Order use O.S.M. (Ordo Servorum Beatæ Mariæ Virginis) as their Post-Nominal Letters. The male Members are known as Servite Friars, or, Servants of Mary.
The Order of Servants of Mary (The Servites) is a Religious Family that embraces a Membership of Friars (Priests and Brothers), Contemplative Nuns, a Congregation of Active Sisters and Lay Groups.
11 February, 2026
Thanksgiving During And After Mass.
The High Altar,
Saint John Cantius Church,
Chicago, United States of America.
Photo Credit: www.pinterest.com
Text is from Saint Mary Immaculate Parish,
Plainfield, Illinois.
Their Web-Site can be found
Prayers Before Mass.
Almighty and ever-living God, I approach
the Sacrament of Your only-begotten Son,
Our Lord Jesus Christ.
I come sick to the doctor of life, unclean to the fountain
of mercy, blind to the radiance of eternal light, and
poor and needy to the Lord of Heaven and Earth.
Amen.
Prayer After Mass.
Lord Jesus Christ, take all my freedom, my memory,
my understanding, and my will. All that I have
and cherish You have given me.
I surrender it all to be guided by Your will.
Your Grace and Your Love are enough for me.
Give me these, Lord Jesus, and I ask for nothing more.
Amen.
The Twenty-Six Mediæval Cathedrals Of England (Part Sixteen).
Worcester Cathdral.
Photo: 3 June 2011.
Source: Own work.
Author: Sonofden62
(Wikimedia Commons)
Text from Wikipedia - the free encyclopædia,
unless stated otherwise.
During the 15th-Century, many of England’s finest Cathedral Towers were either built or extended in the Perpendicular style, including those of the Cathedrals of Gloucester, Worcester, Wells, York, Durham, and Canterbury, and the Spires of Chichester, and Norwich.
The design of Church Interiors went through a final stage that lasted into the 16th-Century. This was the development of Fan Vaulting, first used in about 1370 in the Cloisters at Gloucester Cathedral, then in the Retro-Choir at Peterborough in the Early-15th-Century.
In a still more elaborate form, with Stone Pendants, it was used to roof the Norman Choir at Oxford and in the great Funerary Chapel of King Henry VII at Westminster Abbey, at a time when Italy had embraced the Renaissance.[2][4][5]
The Great West Window,
“The Heart of Yorkshire” Stained-Glass Window,
York Minster.
Photo: 17 May 2012.
Source: Own work.
Author: Nessy-Pic
(Wikimedia Commons)
A History Of Norwich Cathedral.
A Guided Tour.
Available on YouTube
The Plan of Salisbury Cathedral is that most often reproduced in architectural histories for the purpose of comparing English Gothic architecture with that of France, Italy and other Countries.[6]
It has many features that, on paper at least, are typical. The plan of Worcester Cathedral, for example, closely resembles that of Salisbury. Both have two Transepts, a large Central Tower, a large Porch to the North Side of the Nave, a Cloister to the South, off which opens a Polygonal Chapter House.[2]
Internally, there are also strong visual similarities in the simple Lancet Windows of the East End and the contrasting profusion of Purbeck Marble Shafts. But the histories of the two buildings are very different. Salisbury Cathedral took 160 years to complete, from its foundations in 1220 to the top of its massive Spire in 1380. Worcester took 420 years, from its Norman Crypt of 1084 to its Chapel in memory of Prince Arthur in 1504.[2]
English: The Cloisters, Gloucester Cathedral.
Deutsch: Der Kreuzgang der Kathedrale von Gloucester.
Esperanto: Klostro de Katedralo Gloucester.
Français : Les cloîtres de la Cathédrale de Gloucester.
Українська: Крита галерея Глостерського собору, Глостер, Англія.
Photo: 17 January 2018.
Source: Own work.
Author: Christopher JT Cherrington
(Wikimedia Commons)
Cantus Firmus Monks.
Gregorian Chant used in the
Norwich Cathedral video (see, above).
Available on YouTube
An earlier Cathedral was located, between 1075 and 1228, on the hill top near the ancient fort at Old Sarum. In the Early 13th-Century, it was decided to move the location of the Cathedral to its present position.
The new building was designed in the Lancet Gothic style (otherwise known as Early-English Gothic) by Elias of Dereham and Nicholas of Ely and begun in 1220, starting at the Eastern End, and rising Westward until, by 1258, it was complete, except for the façade and Central Tower.
The façade, huge Cloister and Polygonal Chapter House were then constructed by Richard Mason and were completed by 1280, the later work employing Geometric Decorated Tracery in the openings of Windows and Arcades.
English: Perpendicular Gothic Choir of York Minster.
Norsk bokmål: Katedralen i York. Hvelvet har en midtribbe i bygningens lengderetning som er typisk for engelsk gotikk.
Photo: 10 August 2005.
Source: Transferred from en.wikipedia to Commons.
Author: Bala Amavasai at en.wikipedia.
(Wikimedia Commons)
It was about fifty years before the major undertaking of the Tower and Spire was commenced, the architect being Richard Farleigh and the details being rather more intricate and elaborate than the earlier work.
This three-part building programme, spanning 160 years with a fifty-year gap in the middle, is the shortest and least diverse and makes Salisbury, by far, the most homogeneous of all the Cathedrals.[2][4][10]
PART SEVENTEEN FOLLOWS.
Wednesday Of Sexagesima Week.
The Seed is The Word of God.
Illustration: UNA VOCE OF ORANGE COUNTY
Artist: René de Cramer.
"Copyright Brunelmar/Ghent/Belgium".
Used with Permission.
Text is from “The Liturgical Year”.
By: Abbot Guéranger, O.S.B.
Volume 4.
Septuagesima.
O God of infinite justice ! We have sinned; we have abused the life Thou hast given us. And when we read in Thy Scriptures, how Thine anger chastised the sinners of former days, we are forced to acknowledge that we have deserved to be treated in like manner.
We have the happiness to be Christians and children of Thy Church; the light of Faith, and the power of Thy grace, have brought us once more into Thy friendship; but how can we forget that we were once Thy enemies ?
And are we so deeply rooted in virtue, that we can promise ourselves perseverance in it to the end ? Pierce, O Lord ! Pierce my flesh with Thy fear [Psalm CXVIII, 120].
Man’s heart is hard, and unless it fear Thy Sovereign Majesty, it may again offend Thee.
We are penetrated with fear, when we remember that Thou didst bury the World and destroy mankind by the waters of the deluge; for we learn by this , how Thy patience and long-suffering may be changed into inexorable anger.
Thou art Just, O Lord ! And who shall presume to take scandal, or to murmur, when Thy wrath is enkindled against sinners ?
We have defied Thy justice, we have braved Thy anger; for, though Thou hast told us that Thou wilt never more destroy sinners by a deluge of water, yet we know that Thou hast created, in thy hatred for sin, a fire, which shall eternally prey on them that depart this life without being first reconciled with Thy offended Majesty.
O wonderful dignity of our human nature ! We cannot be indifferent towards that infinite Being that created us; we must be His friends or His enemies !
It could not have been otherwise. He gave us understanding and free-will; we know what is good and what is evil, and we must choose the one or the other; we cannot remain neutral.
If we choose good, God turns towards us and loves us; if evil, we separate from Him, Who is our Sovereign Good.
But, whereas He bears most tender mercy towards this frail creature whom He created out of pure love, and because He wills that all men should be saved, He waits with patience for the sinner to return to Him, and, in countless ways, draws his heart to repentance.
But woe to him that obeys not the divine call, when that call is the last ! Then justice takes the place of mercy, and revelation tells us how fearful a thing it is to fall into the hands of the living God.
Let us, then, flee from the wrath to come, by making our peace with the God we have offended. If we be already restored to grace, let us walk in His fear, until love shall have grown strong enough in our hearts to make us run the way of the commandments [Psalm CXVIII, 32].
“Sainte Anne, Ô Bonne Mère”. Cantique À Sainte Anne. “Saint Anne, O Good Mother”. Hymn Sung In Brittany To Saint Anne. Feast Day 26 July.
“Sainte Anne, Ô bonne Mère”.
Cantique À Sainte Anne.
“Saint Anne, O Good Mother”.
Hymn Sung In Brittany To Saint Anne.
Available on YouTube
Found on the Web-Site of
Sanctuaire De Sainte-Anne d’Auray
(Soeurs du Christ Rédempteur).
The Feast of Saint Anne.
26 July.
Mother of Mary and grand-mother of Jesus, it was she who educated Mary’s heart by teaching her to read the Bible.
Let’s unite our Hymns with those of the Pilgrims of Sainte Anne d’Auray to ask Him to watch over us and over all the families of the World.
“O Rouanez Karet An Arvor”.
Cantique À Sainte Anne.
Available on YouTube
“O Rouanez Karet an Arvor” est un cantique traditionnel breton chanté essentiellement à Sainte Anne d’Auray.
O Rouanéz karet en Arvor
O Mamm lan a druhé,
Àr an douar, àr er mor
Gouarnet ho pugalé.
Intron Santéz Anna
ni ho ped a galon:
Ged joé ni um laka
édan ho kouarnasion.
Ho kalon zo digor
eid oll er Vretoned;
An dud ag an Arvor
ho kar eùé berped.
Patronéz Breih-Izél,
dohoh en-des rekour
Hos Arvoriz fidél;
reit dehé ho sekour.
“I Am The Immaculate Conception (Que Soy Era Immaculada Concepciou)”. Apparitions Of The Blessed Virgin Mary At Lourdes, France, To Saint Bernadette, 11 February 1858 - 16 July 1858.
Stained-Glass Window, Bonneval Church, France,
The Vision of Saint Bernadette of Lourdes.
Photo: 17 July 2009.
Source: Own work.
Author: Xandar
(Wikimedia Commons)
Text from The Saint Andrew Daily Missal,
unless otherwise stated.
Apparitions of The Blessed Virgin Mary at Lourdes.
Feast Day 11 February.
Greater-Double.
White Vestments.
English:
Basilica of The Immaculate Conception,
Lourdes, France.
Deutsch: Frankreich: Lourdes,
Basilika der unbefleckten Empfängnis,
Rosenkranzbasilika und Krypta in Lourdes.
Photo: 2005.
Source: Own work.
Author: Milorad Pavlek.
(Wikimedia Commons)
From 11 February 1858 to 16 July 1858, The Blessed Virgin Mary came down from Heaven eighteen times (Introit), and showed herself to Saint Bernadette Soubirous (Collect), in the cave of the rock at Massabielle (Gradual).
On 25 March 1858, she said to the little shepherdess of fourteen years of age: “I am The Immaculate Conception”. Today’s Feast, therefore, recalls Mary’s triumph over the serpent (Tract), which the Septuagesimal Liturgy has in mind.
Like the woman seen by Saint John, “clothed in the Sun, with the Moon under her feet and a Crown of twelve Stars over her head” (Epistle), The Virgin of Lourdes “is clothed in a Robe and Veil, as White as Snow, she wears a Blue Girdle and on her bare feet rests a Golden Rose,” all symbolic of her Virginal Love.
She exhorts to Penance the unfortunate Children of Eve, who have not been, like herself, preserved from sin. On the day of the Annunciation, she declared her name to us, to manifest that it is on account of the Incarnation (Collect) that God has vouchsafed to her “not to be tainted with the Original Stain” (Tract).
Remembering that Mary is “the Ark of the New Covenant” (Epistle), let us go with confidence to her, who, “Full of Grace” (Offertory), “visits our Earth to multiply in us the gifts of her riches” (Communion).
Mass: Vidi civitátem.
Commemoration and Last Gospel of the Feria. In Lent.
Preface: Of The Blessed Virgin Mary: “Et te in Conceptione Immaculáta”.
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