“Tædet Animam Meam”. “Requiem Aeternam”. “Officium Defunctorum”. Composed By: Tomás Luis De Victoria (1548 - 1611). Composed For The Funeral Of The Mother Of Two Emperors.

“Tædet Animam Meam” are the opening words

in Chapter 10 of The Book of Job.

Job laments his afflictions and begs God

to be delivered from them.

“Tædet Animam Meam”

and “Requiem Aeternam”.

Tomás Luis De Victoria

(1548 - 1611).

Available on YouTube

HERE

“Tædet Animam Meam”.

Chapter 10 of The Book of Job.

Douay-Rheims 1899 American Edition.

Text from: BIBLE GATEWAY

My Soul is weary of my life, I will let go my speech

against myself, I will speak in the bitterness of my Soul.

I will say to God: Do not condemn me:

tell me why Thou judgest me so.

Doth it seem good to Thee that thou shouldst calumniate me, and oppress me, the work of Thy own hands,

and help the counsel of the wicked ?

Hast Thou eyes of flesh: or, shalt Thou see as man seeth ?

Are Thy days as the days of man,

and are Thy years as the times of men:

That Thou shouldst inquire after my iniquity,

and search after my sin ?

And shouldst know that I have done no wicked thing,

whereas there is no man that can deliver out of Thy hand.

Thy hands have made me, and fashioned me 

wholly round about, and dost Thou thus cast me down headlong on a sudden ?

Remember, I beseech Thee, that Thou hast made me as the clay, and Thou wilt bring me into dust again.

Hast Thou not milked me as milk, and curdled me like cheese ?

Thou hast clothed me with skin and flesh:

Thou hast put me together with bones and sinews:

Thou hast granted me life and mercy,

and Thy visitation hath preserved my Spirit.

Although Thou conceal these things in Thy heart,

yet I know that Thou rememberest all things.

If I have sinned and Thou hast spared me for an hour:

why dost Thou not suffer me to be clean from my iniquity ?

And if I be wicked, woe unto me: and if just, I shall not

lift up my head, being filled with affliction and misery.

And for pride, Thou wilt take me as a lioness, 

and returning Thou tormentest me wonderfully.

Thou renewest Thy witnesses against me, and 

multipliest Thy wrath upon me, and pains war against me.

Why didst Thou bring me forth out of the womb: 

O, that I had been consumed that eye might not see me !

I should have been as if I had not been,

carried from the womb to the grave.

Shall not the fewness of my days be ended shortly ?

suffer me, therefore, that I may lament my sorrow a little:

Before I go, and return no more, to a land that is 

dark and covered with the mist of death:

A land of misery and darkness, where the shadow of death,

and no order, but everlasting horror dwelleth.

Text from Wikipedia - the free encyclopædia,
unless otherwise stated.

“Officium Defunctorum” is a musical setting of The Office Of The Dead, composed by the Spanish Renaissance Composer, Tomás Luis de Victoria, in 1603. It includes settings of the movements of The Requiem Mass, accounting for about twenty-six minutes of the forty-two minute composition, and the work is sometimes referred to as “Victoria’s Requiem”.

“Officium Defunctorum” was composed for the funeral of The Dowager Empress Maria, sister of King Philip II of Spain, daughter of Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, wife of Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian II, and mother of two Emperors; it was dedicated to Princess Margaret for “the obsequies of your most revered mother”.

The Empress Maria died on 26 February 1603 and the great obsequies were performed on 22 April 1603 and 23 April 1603. Victoria was employed as Personal Chaplain to The Empress Maria from 1586 to the time of her death.

Victoria published eleven volumes of his music during his lifetime, representing the majority of his compositional output. “Officium Defunctorum”, the only work to be published by itself, was the eleventh volume and the last work that Victoria published.

The date of publication, 1605, is often included with the title to differentiate the “Officium Defunctorum” from Victoria's other setting of The Requiem Mass (in 1583, Victoria composed and published a book of Masses (Reprinted in 1592) including a “Missa Pro Defunctis” for Four-Part Choir).

“Officium Defunctorum” is scored for Six-Part SSATTB Chorus. It includes an entire Office of The Dead: In addition to a Requiem Mass, Victoria sets an Extra-Liturgical Funeral Motet, a Lesson that belongs to Matins (scored for only SATB and not always included in concert performances), and the Ceremony of Absolution, which follows The Mass.

Polyphonic sections are separated by unaccompanied Chant Incipits that Victoria printed himself. The Soprano II usually carries the “cantus firmus”, though “it very often disappears into the surrounding part-writing, since the Chant does not move as slowly as most “cantus firmus” parts and the polyphony does not generally move very fast”.

The sections of the Work are as follows:

“Tædet Animam Meam”.

Second Lesson of Matins (Job 10:1-7);

“Missa Pro Defunctis”

(Mass for The Dead).

With the Council of Trent, the Liturgy 

of the Requiem Mass was standardised.

Victoria sets all of the 

Requiem Mass sections, except the:

Dies Irae (Sequence);

Introit;

Kyrie;

Gradual;

Offertory;

Sanctus;

Agnus Dei;

Communion;

“Versa Est In Luctum Cithara Mea”

(Funeral Motet).

The Absolution:

Responsory;

“Libera Me”.

“Kyrie”.

“Versa Est In Luctum Cithara Mea”

(Funeral Motet).

Composed by: Alonso Lobo

(1555 - 1617).

Available on YouTube

HERE

Saint Pius I. Pope And Martyr. Feast Day 11 July. Red Vestments.

Attribution of Floral Background:

Designed by macrovector / Freepik

Pope Saint Pius I.

Source: http://www.catholic-forum.com/

saints/pope0010.htm

This File: 18 August 2012.

User: File Upload Bot (Magnus Manske).

Comment: Transferred from en.wikipedia

by User:Gikü using CommonsHelper.

(Wikimedia Commons)

Text from The Saint Andrew Daily Missal,
unless otherwise stated.

Saint Pius I.
   Pope.

   Martyr.
   Feast Day 11 July.

Simple.

Red Vestments.

The Cycle makes us honour, today, a Saint whom "God anointed with His Holy Oil" (Gradual) and whom He invested with the fullness of His Priesthood (Introit, Alleluia) by raising him to The Pontifical Throne, after Pope Saint Hyginus, in 142 A.D., (others say in 167 A.D.).

He prescribed that the Feast of The Resurrection should only be kept on a Sunday, which, thenceforth, became the Chief of all Sundays.

Pope Saint Pius I established a Baptistry in the house which Saint Pudentiana and Saint Praxedes had placed at his disposal, and where their father, the Senator Pudens, had already received Saint Peter.

Pope Saint Pius I transformed into a Titular Church the adjoining Baths of Novatus, where is held the Station on the Tuesday in The Third Week of Lent. On account of the stay of the First Sovereign Pontiff, he dedicated it under the Title of Pastor,

To fulfil his Office of Good Shepherd, he feared not to renounce his own life (Gospel), and endured many hardships, which hastened his end, for his Sheep and for Christ, the Supreme Pastor [Third Lesson at Matins].

He received, at the same time as the Crown of Martyrdom, the Crown of Life that God has promised to those who love Him (Epistle), and was buried in 150 A.D., on the Vatican Hill.

Mass of a Martyr: Státuit.

The following Text is taken from Wikipedia - the free encyclopædia.

Pope Saint Pius I (died circa 154 A.D.) was the Bishop of Rome from circa 140 A.D., to his death, circa 154 A.D., according to the Annuario Pontificio.

Pope Saint Pius I is believed to have been born at Aquileia, in Northern Italy, during the Late-1st-Century A.D. His father was called “Rufinus”, who was also said to be of Aquileia, according to the Liber Pontificalis.

It is stated in the 2nd-Century A.D. Muratorian Canon, as well as in the Liberian Catalogue, that he was the brother of Hermas, author of the Text known as The Shepherd of Hermas. The writer of that Text identifies himself as a former slave. This has led to speculation that both Hermas and Pius were Freedmen.

Pope Saint Pius I governed The Church in the middle of the 2nd-Century A.D., during the reigns of the Emperors Antoninus Pius and Marcus Aurelius.

He was the ninth successor of Saint Peter. He decreed that Easter should only be kept on a Sunday. Although being credited with ordering the publication of the Liber Pontificalis, compilation of that document was not started before the beginning of the 6th-Century A.D. He is said to have built one of the oldest Churches in Rome,

Pope Saint Pius I endured many hardships during his reign. The fact that Saint Justin taught Christian Doctrine in Rome, during the Pontificate of Saint Pius I, and that the Heretics, Valentinus, Cerdon, and Marcion, visited Rome at the same time, is an argument for the Primacy of the Roman See during the 2nd-Century A.D.

Pope Saint Pius I opposed the Valentinians and Gnostics, under Marcion, whom he excommunicated.

The General Roman Calendar Of 1954 (Part One).

Text from Wikipedia — the free encyclopædia,

unless stated otherwise.

The following is a list of the Feast Days of the General Roman Calendar, as it was in 1954. 

It is, thus, basically that established by Pope Saint Pius X (1903 – 1914), but it also incorporates changes that were made by Pope Pius XI (1922 – 1939), such as the institution of the Feast of Christ the King, while not including those made in 1955 by Pope Pius XII (1939 – 1958).

The changes, that the last-mentioned Pope made, are indicated in the General Roman Calendar of Pope Pius XII. 

They included the institution of two Feasts in May: 

Saint Joseph the Workman was added on 1 May as a Double of the First-Class, requiring the transfer of Saints Philip and James to 11 May, and involving also the suppression of the Solemnity of Saint Joseph, which for just over a Century had been Celebrated on the second Wednesday after the Octave of Easter; 

And the Feast of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Queen, was added on 31 May as a Double of the Second-Class, transferring Saint Angela Merici, but not the Commemoration of Saint Petronilla, to 1 June. 

A total of fifteen Octaves - all those except Easter, Pentecost, and Christmas - were also suppressed in the reform of 1955.

Pope Saint John XXIII.

Date: Between 28 October 1958 - 3 June 1963.

Source: 

Saint John XXIII Community.com.

Flipboard.com.

This File: 18 December 2020.

User: Rossel44

Author: De Agostini Editore.

(Wikipedia)

Pope Saint John XXIII (1958 - 1963) made a revision of the General Roman Calendar with the Motu Proprio “Rubricarum Instructum”, in 1960.

The 1962 Calendar is thus the Calendar approved by Pope Benedict XVI with his 7 July 2007 document “Summorum Pontificum” for use as an Extraordinary Form of the Roman Rite.

The General Roman Calendar was again revised in 1969, in connection with the revision of the Roman Missal, and later. 

For its current state, see Roman Catholic Calendar of Saints.

For most of the Celebrations here listed, the Mass is found in the Roman Missal of the time in the Section called the “Proper of the Saints”, but, for those occurring from 24 December to 13 January, it is found in the “Proper of the Season”, as these days do not move with respect to the Seasons of The Church Year. 

The Offices of these Feasts are likewise arranged in the Breviary.

Rank of Feast Days.

The ranking of Feast Days, that had grown from an original division between Doubles and Simples and that by the time of the Tridentine Calendar included Semi-Doubles, with Pope Clement VIII adding, in 1604, to the distinction between First- and Second-Class Doubles, the new rank of Greater Double, was still in use in the 1954 Calendar, and would continue until the following year,1955, when Pope Pius XII abolished the rank of Semi-Double.

The rank of Feast Days determines which Mass is to be said when two Feast Days coincide (or “occur”) on the one day, as well as when a Feast Day falls on Sundays or certain other Privileged Days. 

Feast Days were classified as Simple, Semi-Double, or Double, with Feast Days of the Double Rite further divided into Double of the First Class, Double of the Second Class, Greater Double or Major Double, and Double, in order of descending rank. 

On Ferias and many Feast Days of Simple rank, the Celebrant was permitted to substitute a Mass of his own choice, such as a Votive Mass, or a Mass for the Dead.

Portrait of Clement VIII (1536 - 1605).

Artist: Attributed to Antonio Scalvati (1557–1619).

Date: 1596-1605.

Photo: 2 February 2017.

Source: Own work.

This File is licensed under the 

Creative Commons Attribution-

Share Alike 4.0 International Licence.

Author: Gelindu

(Wikimedia Commons)

Pope Clement VIII (1592 - 1605) added a new rank
of Greater Double in 1604.

What the original meaning of the term “Double” may have been is not entirely certain. Some think that the greater Festivals were thus styled because the antiphons before and after the Psalms were “doubled”, i.e. twice repeated entire on these days.

Others, with more probability, point to the fact that, before the 9th-Century A.D., in certain places, for example at Rome, it was customary on the Greater Feast Days to recite two sets of Matins, the one of the Feria or Week-Day, the other of the Festival. Hence, such days were known as “Doubles”.

The Catholic Encyclopædia of the early years of the 20th-Century shows the incremental crowding of the Liturgical Calendar (which had increased further by 1954) in the following table based on the official revisions of the Roman Breviary in 1568, 1602, 1631, 1882, and on the situation in 1907.

In 1907, when, in accordance with the rules in force since the time of Pope Pius V, Feast Days of any form of Double, if impeded by “Occurrence” (falling on the same day) with a Feast Day of higher class, were transferred to another day, this classification of Feast Days was of great practical importance for deciding which Feast Day to Celebrate on any particular day. 

Pope Saint Pius X simplified matters considerably in his 1911 Reform of the Roman Breviary.

In the case of “Occurrence”, the lower-ranking Feast Day could become a Commemoration within the Celebration of the higher-ranking Feast.

Further retouching was made by Pope Pius XII in 1955, Pope Saint John XXIII in 1962, and Pope Paul VI in 1969.

Sundays.

Sundays were divided into Greater Sundays and Lesser Sundays, with the Greater Sundays being further divided into two classes. 

The Greater Sundays of the First Class were the First Sunday of Advent, the four Sundays of Lent, Passion Sunday, Palm Sunday, Easter Sunday, Low Sunday, and Pentecost. 

No Feast Day whatsoever could be Celebrated on these days, although they admitted Commemorations (except on Easter and Pentecost).

Greater Sundays of the Second-Class permitted the Celebration of Doubles of the First-Class, only, and consisted of the other three Sundays in Advent and the three pre-Lenten Sundays. 

All other Sundays (Second Sunday after Easter to Fifth Sunday after Easter and the Sundays after Epiphany and Pentecost, except for those which might occur during an Octave, which followed the rules for the Octave), were Lesser Sundays or Sundays “per annum” (“through the year”), and only the Celebration of Doubles of the First-Class or Double of the Second-Class, or a Feast of The Lord, took precedence over them.

The Sunday within the Octave of the Nativity was a special case, due to the fixed date of Christmas and the high rank of the Feast Days following it. 

If 29, 30, or 31 December, were a Sunday, the Mass assigned to it was Celebrated on that day; otherwise, it was Celebrated on 30 December.

Pope Saint Pius X 

wearing Papal Regalia.

Date: 1904.

Source: 

National Magazine: https://archive.org/stream/

nationalmagazine21brayrich#page/n579/mode/2up

This File: 7 November 2016.

User: Julian Felsenburgh

Author: Underwood & Underwood.

(Wikimedia Commons)

Before the reform of Pope Saint Pius X in 1911, ordinary Doubles took precedence over most of the Semi-Double Sundays, resulting in many of the Masses for those particular Sundays rarely being said (the Masses for the Doubles being said, instead).

While retaining the Semi-Double rite for Sundays, the reform permitted only the most important Feast Days and Doubles of the First-Class or Doubles of the Second-Class to be Celebrated on Sunday.

When a Feast of the rank of Double of the First- Class or Double of the Second-Class fell on a Sunday, the Mass would be that of the Feast, with a Commemoration of the Occurring Sunday; the Gospel of the omitted Sunday Mass would be read at the end of Mass (the “Last Gospel”), instead of the usual Last Gospel “In principio erat Verbum” of Saint John.

Luxury Coach produced in Rome by the Casalini Brothers, renowned Carriage Manufacturers, during the Papacy of Pope Saint Pius IX, in the Vatican Museum. As shown by the Coat-of-Arms of Pope Pius IX and Pope Saint Pius X, painted on the Right and Left doors, respectively, the Carriage was used during Pontificates until the beginning of the 20th-Century.

Български: Луксозна папска каляска произведена 

в Рим от братя Казалини, известни производители 

на каляски, по време на папството на 

Папа Пий IX, Ватикански музей, Ватикана.

Photo: 20 October 2018.

Source: Own work.

This File is licensed under the 

Creative Commons Attribution 

4.0 International Licence.

Author: Biser Todorov.

(Wikimedia Commons)

When a Feast of a rank lower than that in “Occurrence” with a Sunday, the Feast would be Commemorated in the Sunday Mass by including a Commemoration of the Feast, and its Gospel would be read at the end of Mass (the “Last Gospel), provided it was a “Proper” Gospel, i.e. one not taken from the Common.

Following the reform of Pope Saint Pius X, only three Feasts were assigned to a Sunday. The Feast Days of:

The Holy Name;
The Holy Family;
The Most Holy Trinity.

A fourth, Christ the King, was added in 1925.

Ferias.

Ferias also were classified into three categories:

Greater Privileged Ferias: 

Ash Wednesday;

Monday of Holy Week;

Tuesday of Holy Week;

Wednesday of Holy Week.

No Feast Day could be Celebrated on these days.

Greater Non-Privileged Ferias: 

Ferias of Advent;

Ferias of Lent;

Ferias of Passion Week;

Rogation Monday;

The Ember Days.

Any Feast Day, except a Simple Feast Day, could have “Occurrence” on these days, with a Commemoration of the Feria.

All Other Ferias:

Any Feast Day of whatever rank could be Celebrated without any Commemoration of the Feria.

Ember Days.

Ember Days are four separate sets, of three days each, within the same week — specifically, the Wednesday, Friday, and Saturday — roughly equi-distant in the circuit of the year, that were formerly set aside for Fasting and Prayer.

These days set apart for special Prayer and Fasting were considered especially suitable for the Ordination of Clergy.

The Ember Days are known in Latin as “Quatuor Tempora” (the “Four Seasons”), or “Jejunia Quatuor Temporum” (“Fasts of the Four Seasons”). 

They occur in the weeks:

Between the third and fourth Sundays of Advent;

Between the first and second Sundays of Lent;

Between Pentecost Sunday and Trinity Sunday;

And beginning the first Wednesday after The Exaltation of The Holy Cross (14 September), which is between the Liturgical third and fourth Sundays of September.

Rogation Days.

Rogation Days are, in the Calendar of the Western Church, four days Traditionally set apart for Solemn Processions to invoke God’s Mercy. 

They are:

25 April, the Major Rogation Day (or Greater Litanies), coinciding with Saint Mark’s Day (but transferred to the following Tuesday if they fell on Easter); 

The three days preceding Ascension Thursday, the Minor Rogations (or Lesser Litanies). 

These are indicated below in the main body of the Calendar and in the Movable Feasts section.

PART TWO FOLLOWS.

Rheims Cathedral, France. (Part Two).

Rheims Cathedral.

Artist: Domenico Quaglio the Younger (1787–1837).

Collection: Museum der bildenden Künste, Leipzig.

This File: 14 May 2005.

User: Luestling~commonswiki

(Wikimedia Commons)

Text from Wikipedia - the free encylopædia,

unless stated otherwise.

Please note: “Reims” (French) is often spelled “Rheims” in English.

Unusually, the names of the Cathedral’s original architects are known. A Labyrinth built into the floor of The Nave at the time of construction (similar to examples at Chartres and Amiens) included the names of four Master Masons (Jean d'Orbais, Jean-Le-Loup, Gaucher de Reims, and Bernard de Soissons) and the number of years they worked there, though art historians still disagree over who was responsible for which parts of the building.

The Labyrinth was destroyed in 1779, but its details and inscriptions are known from 18th-Century drawings.

The clear association here between a Labyrinth and Master Masons adds weight to the argument that such patterns were an allusion to the emerging status of the architect (through their association with the mythical artificer, Dædalus, who built the Labyrinth of King Minos).

English: Postcard depicting Rheims Cathedral burning

after German Army bombardment in September 1914.

Français: La Cathédrale_de Reims en_flammes

par les obus allemands, carte postale.

Date: 1914.

Source: Own work.

Author: Gérald Garitan

(Wikimedia Commons)

The Cathedral also contains further evidence of the rising status of the architect in the tomb of Huges Liberger (☩ 1268, architect of the now-destroyed Rheims Church of Saint Nicaise). Not only is he given the honour of an engraved slab, he is shown holding a miniature model of his Church (an honour formerly reserved for noble donors) and wearing the academic garb befitting an intellectual.

The Towers, 81m tall (267 ft), were originally designed to rise 120m (394 ft). The South Tower holds just two great Bells; one of them, named “Charlotte” by Charles, Cardinal of Lorraine in 1570, weighs more than 10,000 kg (about 11 tons).

During The Hundred Years' War, the Cathedral was under siege by the English Army from 1359 to 1360.

English: Poster for the mobilisation of the 

178th Canadian Battalion during The First World War, 

with Rheims Cathedral in the background.

Français: Affiche pour la mobilisation au sein du

178 bataillon canadien avec en fond la cathédrale Reims.

Date: 1915.

Source: Not known.

Author: Not known.

(Wikimedia Commons)

In 1875, The French National Assembly voted £80,000 for repairs of the façade and balustrades. The façade is the finest portion of the building, and one of the great masterpieces of The Middle Ages.

German shells, during the opening engagements of The First World War on 20 September 1914, burned, damaged, and destroyed, important parts of the Cathedral. Scaffolding around The North Tower caught fire, spreading the blaze to all parts of the carpentry superstructure.

The Lead of the roofs melted and poured through the Stone Gargoyles, destroying, in turn, the Bishop's Palace. Restoration work began in 1919, under the direction of Henri Deneux, a native of Rheims and Chief Architect of The Monuments Historiques; the Cathedral was fully re-opened in 1938, thanks, in part, to financial support from The Rockefellers, but work has been steadily going on since.

The Web-Site of Rheims Cathedral can be found HERE

PART THREE FOLLOWS.