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Melrose Abbey,
The Borders, Scotland.
Founded in 1136, the Abbey was always subject to sacking
and rebuilding. Most of the surviving building is 15th-Century.
Photo: 27 April 2008.
Source: geograph.org.uk
Attribution: Walter Baxter / Melrose Abbey
from the burial ground / CC BY-SA 2.0
Author: Walter Baxter
(Wikimedia Commons)
The following Text is from Wikipedia - the free encyclopædia,
unless stated otherwise.
Saint Mary's Abbey, Melrose, Scotland, is a partly ruined Monastery of The Cistercian Order in Melrose, Roxburghshire, in The Scottish Borders. It was Founded in 1136 by Cistercian Monks, at the request of King David I of Scotland, and was the chief House of that Order in the Country until The Reformation. It was headed by The Abbot, or Commendator, of Melrose. Today, The Abbey is maintained by Historic Environment Scotland as a Scheduled Monument.
The East End of The Abbey was completed in 1146. Other buildings in the complex were added over the next fifty years. The Abbey was built in The Gothic-Style and in the form of a Saint John's Cross. A considerable portion of The Abbey is now in ruins. A structure dating from 1590 is maintained as a museum open to the public.
King Alexander II and other Scottish Kings and Nobles are buried at The Abbey. A Lead Container, believed to hold The Embalmed Heart of Robert the Bruce, was found in 1921 below The Chapter House site; it was found again in a 1998 excavation. This was documented in records of his death. The rest of his body is buried in Dunfermline Abbey.
Melrose Abbey.
The Scottish Borders.
Available on YouTube at
The Abbey is known for its many carved decorative details, including likenesses of Saints, Dragons, Gargoyles and Plants. On one of The Abbey's stairways, is an inscription by John Morow, a Master Mason, which says: “Be halde to ye hende” (“Keep in mind, the end, your salvation”). This has become the motto of The Town of Melrose.
Kelso Abbey.
Photo: 5 April 2018.
Source: Own work.
Author: Tom Parnell
(Wikimedia Commons)
It occupies ground overlooking the confluence of The River Tweed and The River Teviot. On the site of what was once The Royal Burgh of Roxburgh, and the intended Southern Centre for the developing Scottish Kingdom at that time. Kelso, thus, became The Seat of a pre-eminently powerful Abbacy in the heart of The Scottish Borders.
In the 14th-Century, Roxburgh became a focus for periodic attack and occupation by English Forces and Kelso's Monastic Community survived a number of fluctuations in control over the area, restoring the Abbey infrastructure after episodes of destruction, and ultimately retaining Scottish identity.
From 1460 onwards, life for The Abbey probably grew more settled, but came once again under attack in the Early-16th-Century. By the Mid-16th-Century, through a combination of turbulent events, The Abbey effectively ceased to function and the building fell into ruin.
Although the site of Kelso Abbey has not been fully excavated in modern times, evidence suggests that it was a major building with two Crossings. The only Remains still standing today are The West Tower Crossing and part of The Infirmary.
Kelso Abbey.
Available on YouTube at
The massive design and solid Romanesque-Style of The Tower indicate a very large building of formidable, semi-military construction and appearance; evidence of the importance with which Roxburgh was regarded when The Abbacy was at the height of its power.
“The Secrets of Jedburgh Abbey”.
Available on YouTube at
Jedburgh Abbey.
An Augustinian Abbey.
Photo: 2015.
Source: http://www.wyrdlight.com
Author: Antony McCallum.
(Wikimedia Commons)
Jedburgh Abbey, a ruined Augustinian Abbey which was Founded in the 12th-Century, is situated in the Town of Jedburgh, in The Scottish Borders 10 miles (16 km) North of The Border with England at Carter Bar.
Towards the middle of the 9th-Century A.D., when the area around Jedburgh was part of The Anglo-Saxon Kingdom of Northumbria, there were two Gedworths (as Jedburgh was then known). One of them became the Jedburgh we know today, the other was four miles to the South.
According to Symeon of Durham, Ecgred, Bishop of Lindisfarne from 830 A.D. to 845 A.D., gifted the two villages of the same name to the See of Lindisfarne. The South Gedworth village was the place of Ecgred's Church, the first Church in the Parish.
“Soft-Capping” Jedburgh Abbey.
Available on YouTube at
The present Town was distinguished from the long-disappeared South Village by “UBI CASTELLUM EST”, meaning, “where the Castle is”. The only solid evidence of Ecgred's Church came from Symeon of Durham, when he described the burial, at the Church of Geddewerde, of Eadulf, one of the assassins of William Walcher, Bishop of Durham.
In 1118, prior to his ascension to The Scottish Throne, Prince David established a Foundation of Canons Regular of The Order of Saint Augustine, at what is now Jedburgh. The Foundation appeared to have the status of “Priory” in the early years, and a man by the name of Daniel was described as The Prior of Geddwrda, in 1139.
The Church was later raised to the status of Monastery, before becoming, in the years prior to King David's death in 1153, a fully-fledged Abbey, Dedicated to The Virgin Mary, probably in 1147.
Jedburgh Abbey.
The Scottish Borders.
Available on YouTube at
Over the years, Jedburgh has been described by eighty-three different names and spellings.
Following the death of King David, the patronage and privileges of The Abbey were accorded to his grandsons, Malcolm IV of Scotland and William I of Scotland, also known as William the Lion. The King's son, Henry, had preceded his father in death.
The Nave and The Choir were built in the 13th-Century and were in place by the time King Alexander III of Scotland married Yolande, daughter of The Comte de Dreux, on 14 October 1285, at the Church.
The great Abbey was said to contain the finery of the best of Norman and Early-English Architecture. The Abbey Church of Saint Mary of Jedeworth was growing in stature and importance, and The Abbot was even invited to attend Scottish Parliaments. As well as the Lands and Chapels in Southern Scotland, Jedburgh Abbey owned great Lands in Northumberland.
In 1296, The Abbot of Jedburgh swore fealty to King Edward I of England at Berwick-on-Tweed. Edward intended to rule The Abbey and presented William de Jarum as the new Abbot of Jedburgh in 1296.
After the defeat of The Earl of Surrey, in 1297 at Stirling, at the hands of William Wallace, The Abbey was pillaged and wrecked by The English as retribution. King Robert I of Scotland (The Bruce) continued to patronise the Church during his reign in the Early-14th-Century. In 1346, after the Scottish defeat at The Battle of Neville's Cross, The English once again slighted the Church.
Later that Century, in 1370, King David II of Scotland was instrumental in the completion of The North Transept that we can still see today. The Abbey faced more torture and destruction in 1410, 1416, and by The Earl of Warwick in 1464.
In 1523, the Town and Abbey were set ablaze by The Earl of Surrey. The Abbey faced more indignity in 1544 at the hands of The Earl of Hertford. The end came for the great Abbey of Saint Mary of Jedburgh in 1560 with the coming of The Scottish Reformation.
Jedburgh Grammar School was Founded by The Monks of Jedburgh Abbey in the Late-15th-Century.
Dryburgh Abbey.
Before 1860.
Date: 28 October 2011.
Source: from Old England: A pictorial museum of Regal,
Author: Charles Knight 1791-1873.
(Wikimedia Commons)
Dryburgh Abbey, near Dryburgh, on The Banks of The River Tweed in The Scottish Borders, was nominally Founded, on 10 November (Martinmas) 1150, in an Agreement between Hugh de Morville, Constable of Scotland, and The Premonstratensian Canons Regular, from Alnwick Abbey, Northumberland. The arrival of The Canons, along with their first Abbot, Roger, took place on 13 December 1152.
It was burned by English Troops in 1322, after which it was restored, only to be again burned by King Richard II in 1385, but it flourished in the 15th-Century. It was finally destroyed in 1544, briefly to survive until The Scottish Reformation, when it was given to The Earl of Mar, by King James VI of Scotland. It is now a designated Scheduled Monument, and the surrounding landscape is included in The Inventory of Gardens and Designed Landscapes in Scotland.
David Steuart Erskine, 11th Earl of Buchan, Earl of Buchan, bought the Land in 1786. Sir Walter Scott, and Douglas Haig, are buried in its Grounds. Their respective tomb and headstone, along with other Memorials, are collectively designated a Category-A Listed Building.
English: Coat-of-Arms of The Order of Canons Regular of Prémontré,
also known as The Premonstratensians, or, The Norbertines.
Deutsch: Wappen der Praemonstratenser.
Date: 27 December 2011.
Source:
Author:
The original uploader was Flopro at German Wikipedia.
Vectorisation: Afernand74/Perhelion.
The Premonstratensian Order was Founded by Saint Norbert of Xanten, Germany, who was a Canon at Xanten Cathedral. Unhappy with the way of life of his fellow Canons, he left The Rhineland for The Diocese of Laon, North France, where the reforming Bishop Bartholomew was transforming his See into one that was more Apostolic.
Bartholomew persuaded Norbert to form a Canonical Order at Prémontré, Aisne, France, in 1120, and, while The Order was Augustinian, in form, The Canons wore The White Habit, and not The Black Habit of The Augustinian Order.
Dryburgh Abbey.
Available on YouTube at
They followed an austere Monastic Life, but had a duty to Preach and Teach those on the outside of the Monastery Walls. The Order spread rapidly across Europe, with The Abbot of Prémontré becoming Abbot-General for all The Daughter-Houses.
Even before the first Abbot-General, Hugh of Fosse, died, one hundred and twenty Abbots attended the Annual General Chapter. The Premonstratensians took on many of the methods of The Cistercians, including Land Management and the use of Lay-Brothers to undertake the labour-intensive work of The Communes.
The following Text is from
THE BORDERS ABBEYS WAY
The Borders Abbeys Way is a circular walk in the heart of The Scottish Borders, full of attractive Countryside, passing by four 12th-Century Abbeys and through several Border Towns.
"The scenery is top notch, wonderful. The actual route is first-class in terms of variety. I would say that no two days are the same."
The Borders Abbeys Way is 64.5 miles / 103 km in length, and is divided into five sections of roughly equal distances. This can be undertaken in either a clockwise or anti-clockwise direction, starting and finishing at any of The Border Towns.
The route was developed and completed in 2005 by Scottish Borders Council (SBC) and continues to be maintained by their Countryside Ranger Service. Scottish Borders Council have, on The Council Web-Site, a dedicated page relating to The Borders Abbeys Way, with downloadable brochures that deal with each of the five sections, a Borders Abbeys Way (BAW) introduction and full route map with areas of interest.
The Borders Abbeys Way single Web-Page can be accessed by CLICKING HERE.
Apart from being a Borders Abbeys Way full of beauty, variety and interest, it is also being walked by many as a Pilgrimage Walk.
For more understanding of this route’s Christian heritage, an additional section has been added to this Web-Site, which can be seen by CLICKING THIS LINK.
Since the opening of The Borders Railway in 2015, there is an additional option of starting and ending the Borders Abbeys Way at The Tweedbank Railway Station. For information on this, CLICK ON THIS LINK.
Now access “THE ABBEYS WALK”, to get fuller details on all sections of the route.
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