Notre Dame de Rouen. The façade of the Gothic Church in France. Photographer: Hippo1947. Licence: SHUTTERSTOCK.

09 February, 2026

Forty Hours Devotion.



Forty Hours Devotion.
Available on YouTube

First published in 2021.

Archbishop Cushley is to relaunch the beautiful and simple practice of Forty Hours Devotion this Advent. Each parish in the Archdiocese will be allocated a date and time for exposition of The Blessed Sacrament, so that people can spend time in silent Prayer with The Lord.

The Twenty-Six Mediæval Cathedrals Of England (Part Fifteen).



Decorated Gothic Vaulted Ceiling, 
with Central Bosses, in Exeter Cathedral.
Photo: 3 August 2006.
Source: Own work.
Author: Wanner-Laufer
(Wikimedia Commons)


Text from Wikipedia - the free encyclopædia,
unless stated otherwise.

Further development included the repetition of Curvilinear, or Flame-Like Forms, that occur in a great number of Windows around 1320, notably in the Retro-Choir at Wells Cathedral and the Nave of Exeter Cathedral.

This type of Tracery is often seen in combination with Vaulting Ribs of extreme projection and very rich moulding, as is seen in the Chapter House at Wells, and the Vault at Exeter, which stretches, uninterrupted by a Central Tower, for ninety-one metres (300 ft) and is the longest Mediæval Vault in the World.[4]

The last stage of Curvilinear or Flowing Decorated Gothic, is expressed in Tracery of very varied and highly complex forms. Many of the largest and most famous Windows of England date from 1320 to 1330 and are in this style.


The Lierne Vault of the Crossing at Bristol Cathedral.
Photo: 5 August 2019.
Source: Own work.
Author: Kognos
(Wikimedia Commons)


They include the South Transept Rose Window, known as the “Bishop’s Eye” at Lincoln, the “Heart of Yorkshire” Window in the West End of York, and the famous Nine-Light East Window of Carlisle.[2][4]

There are many smaller architectural works within Cathedrals which have the Curvilinear Tracery. These include the Arcading in The Lady Chapel at Ely, which also has the widest Vault in England, the Pulpitum Screen at Lincoln, and richly-decorated doorways at Ely and Rochester.


Bristol Cathedral.
Available on YouTube

Characteristic of this period of Gothic architecture, is elaborate Lierne Vaulting, in which the main Ribs are connected by intermediate Ribs, which do not spring from the Wall, and so are not major structural members. The Vaults of Bristol Cathedral are the most famous examples of this style, which can also be seen at York.[2][4]


The “Bishop’s Eye” Rose Window, Lincoln Cathedral.
Photo: 9 June 2013.
Source: Own work.
(Wikimedia Commons)


In the 1330s, when the architects of Europe were embracing the Flamboyant style, English architecture moved away from the Flowing Decorated style in an entirely different, and much more sober, direction, with the reconstruction, in highly modular form, of the Choir of the Norman Abbey, now Cathedral, at Gloucester. 

The Perpendicular style, which relies on a network of intersecting Mullions and Transoms, rather than on a diversity of richly carved forms for effect, gives an overall impression of great unity, in which the structure of the vast Windows of both Clerestory and East End are integrated with the Arcades, below, and the Vault, above. 

The style proved very adaptable and continued with variations in the Naves of Canterbury and Winchester, and in the Choir of York.

PART SIXTEEN FOLLOWS.

Lent Is On Its Way. Let Us Make It A Meaningful Time This Year. Pray And Go To Confession. Pray And Go To . . .



Illustration and Text: RORATE CAELI

Lent starts pretty soon. We're running out of time to prepare.

In the past, you could find a Traditional Lenten Mission at many Parishes. Now, unless you are near a Traditional Parish, they are nearly extinct -- or worthless.

Fortunately, we are not meant to live in the past, we are meant to live in the now. And, now, we have the Internet. And there is an abundance of good on the Internet, along with the bad.


As we do every year, we bring to your attention this wonderful, Traditional, Lenten awareness.

As the Season nears, you would do well to give it some thought.

Pray and to use the time to prepare for a fruitful Lent -- and be ready for it to change you for the better.

Saint Apollonia. Virgin. Martyr. Feast Day, Today, 9 February. Red Vestments.


Text from The Saint Andrew Daily Missal,
unless stated 
otherwise.

Saint Apollonia.
   Virgin and Martyr.
   Feast Day 9 February.

Simple.

Red Vestments.


English: Saint Apollonia.
Deutsch: Hl. Appolonia.
Magyar: Szent Apollónia.
Artist: Francisco de Zurbarán (1598–1664).
Date: 1636.
Current location: Louvre Museum, Paris.
Source/Photographer: The Yorck Project:
10.000 Meisterwerke der Malerei.
DVD-ROM, 2002. ISBN 3936122202.
Distributed by DIRECTMEDIA Publishing GmbH.
(Wikimedia Commons)


Saint Apollonia, a Virgin of Alexandria, was arrested during a bloody Persecution of The Christians in 249 A.D. After having her teeth broken and torn out, she joyfully threw herself, under the impulsion of The Spirit of God, into the fire prepared for her.

There, while her frail body was consumed on Earth, her very pure Soul was borne into Glory in Heaven (Collect).

Mass: Loquébar. The First Mass of a Virgin Martyr.



Saint Apollonia.
Virgin and Martyr.
Available on YouTube

The following Text is from Wikipedia, the free encyclopædia,
unless stated otherwise.

Saint Apollonia (Coptic: Ϯⲁⲅⲓⲁ Ⲁⲡⲟⲗⲗⲟⲛⲓⲁ) was one of a group of Virgin Martyrs who suffered in Alexandria during a local uprising against the Christians, prior to The Persecution of Decius. According to Church Tradition, her torture included having all of her teeth violently pulled out or shattered.

For this reason, she is popularly regarded as the Patroness of dentistry and those suffering from toothache or other dental problems. 

French Court Painter Jehan Fouquet painted the scene of Saint Apollonia's torture in “The Martyrdom of Saint Apollonia”.


Stained-Glass Window of Saint Apollonia in Saint Mary’s Church, KingskerswellDevon, England.
Photo: 6 July 2010.
Source: Own work.
Artist: Smalljim
(Wikimedia Commons)

Saint Cyril Of Alexandria. Bishop. Confessor. Doctor Of The Church. Feast Day 9 February. White Vestments.


Text from The Saint Andrew Daily Missal,
unless otherwise stated.

Saint Cyril of Alexandria.
   Bishop.
   Confessor.
   Doctor of The Church.
   Feast Day 9 February.

Double.

White Vestments.


Saint Cyril of Alexandria.
The Pillar of Faith.
Bishop, Confessor. Doctor of The Church
(376 A.D. - 444 A.D.)
Source: Own work.
Author: User:Erud
(Wikimedia Commons)


Jesus must be a man to atone for man's sin, and a God to make reparation for the offence against God. The Cycle Celebrates on this day the Feast of the Doctor who raised his voice in The Church (Introit) to condemn, in the name of Pope Celestine, at The Council of Ephesus (431 A.D.), the heresy of Nestorius.

Crushing under foot, the salt which has lost its savour (Gospel), Saint Cyril, Bishop of Alexandria, attacks the heresiarch, who, instead "of The True Doctrine, only teaches fables" (Epistle). He affirms that, in Jesus, there is only one Divine Person and that, consequently, The Saviour is at the same time God and Man and that His Mother is The Mother of God (Collect).

He died in 444 A.D.

Mass: In médio.
Commemoration: Of the Feria in Lent.
Commemoration: Of Saint Apollonia from the Mass: Loquébar.
Creed: Is said.
Last Gospel: Of the Feria, in Lent.

A Tribute To Fr. Yves Normandin (R.I.P.) (1925 – 2020). Hero Of The Traditional Mass In Canada: “We Ought To Obey God, Rather Than Men.”

 



A Tribute to Father Normandin (R.I.P.)
(1925 – 2020).
By Jean-Claude Dupuis, PhD.


[This is a translation of a tribute by M. Jean-Claude Dupuis, originally written in French and posted to the Web-Site of Pro-Life Group “Campagne Québec-Vie” on January 6, 2021.]


Father Yves Normandin died on December 30, 2020. He left his mark on the history of The Church in Quebec. In 1975, the humble Parish Priest of Sainte-Yvette, Montreal, Canada, became famous for continuing to Celebrate The Traditional Mass in Latin.

Archbishop Paul Grégoire relieved him of his duties for “disobedience.” Fr. Normandin and his Traditionalist supporters occupied the Church of Sainte-Yvette illegally for six months. In the aftermath of The Second Vatican Council (1962 – 1965), Fr. Normandin Celebrated The Mass of Paul VI like every other Priest.


DOES THIS TREATMENT OF THIS WONDERFUL PRIEST (HARASSMENT, BULLYING, REMOVAL FROM A PLACE TO LIVE, ETC) RING ANY BELLS WITH THE CURRENT SITUATION WITH OTHER PRIESTS ELSEWHERE ?

FUNNY THAT, ISN'T IT !!!


But he began to question it [Editor: “The New Modernist Mass”] when he learned that Protestant Pastors had participated in the planning of The Liturgical Reform. He was shaken by such Texts as the Encyclical “Pascendi”, Pope Saint Pius X’s Letter on “The Sillon”, Louis Salleron’s study “La nouvelle messe” [The New Mass], the Works of Léon de Poncins and Pierre Virion on Freemasonry, and all the writings of Archbishop Marcel Lefebvre. His conversations with Fathers Noël Barbara and Réal Bleau convinced him.

In 1973, he travelled to the Traditional Seminary in Écône, Switzerland. He was impressed by the piety of the young Seminarians. He went on to Lourdes, Rome, and Jerusalem, in search of the Spiritual strength to fight the battle of a lifetime.


In June 1975, he made his definitive return to The Mass of Pope Saint Pius V. Fr. Normandin agreed with Cardinal Ottaviani’s conclusion in his Short Critical Study of The Novus Ordo Missæ (1969): “The Novus Ordo represents, both as a whole and in its details, a striking departure from The Catholic Theology of The Mass as it was formulated in Session XXII of The Council of Trent.” The “Conciliar Spirit” was producing disastrous results. Priests sought defrocking, the Faithful were losing interest, Catholic Institutions were disappearing. It was necessary to reverse course.

The Archbishop of Montreal, Paul Grégoire, did not enter into discussion with Fr. Normandin. He simply repeated the argument from authority: “The pope changed The Mass; you must obey.” Archbishop Grégoire remained polite, but intransigent. Fr. Normandin argued that Bishops could not forbid The Tridentine Rite.


The Bull “Quo Primum” (1570) had instituted this Rite “in perpetuity.” Article 30 of The Code of Canon Law stipulated that “immemorial custom” cannot be abrogated without being expressly revoked. But,  while Pope Paul VI’s Liturgical Decree (1969) allowed Celebration of “The New Mass”, it did not forbid The Traditional Mass. Pope Emeritus Benedict XVI would recognise the truth of this argument in the Motu Proprio “Summorum Pontificum” (2007).


Fr. Normandin refused to leave his Parish. The Media said he occupied Sainte-Yvette’s Church and Rectory “illegally.” That was incorrect. He had appealed Archbishop Grégoire’s decision to Rome. He had the right to keep his Appointment until The Apostolic Signatura settled the dispute.

In November 1975, Archbishop Marcel Lefebvre came to support Fr. Normandin. His visit added an international dimension to the Sainte-Yvette affair. Archbishop Lefebvre was considered the leader of Traditional Catholics. The “Osservatore Romano” covered the Sainte-Yvette affair. But the Quebec Press did not mention Archbishop Lefebvre’s presence in Montreal. Radio host Yvon Dupuis, nonetheless,  broke the Media silence by inviting Archbishop Lefebvre onto his phone-in broadcast.


Archbishop Grégoire did not dare to ask Police to expel the Traditionalists of Sainte-Yvette, who Prayed, day and night, before The Blessed Sacrament exposed on the Altar, thus benefitting from the Article of The Criminal Code that forbids Police to interrupt a Religious Ceremony.


The Archdiocesan lawyers resorted to guile. They summoned Fr. Normandin to Court as a witness. He was obliged to go. The Faithful thought he had given up the fight. Archdiocesan employees entered the Rectory in his absence and changed the locks. The new Parish Priest of Sainte-Yvette removed the Monstrance, to put an end to the Adoration of The Blessed Sacrament. In the end, the Faithful left the Church.

When Yves Normandin returned, he was a “Pastor out in the cold,” with neither home nor income. But the Traditionalists would support him financially for years. Fr. Normandin Celebrated Sunday Mass in a Bavarian Brasserie in Montreal called The Beer Garden (which Traditionalists discreetly spoke of as “The German House”), and then at the more suitable location of Lucien-Pagé School. During the week, he travelled across the entire Country of Canada to say Mass for little groups of Traditionalists who asked for his Services.


Fr. Normandin spent eight years of his life on planes, in trains, and on buses (1976 – 1984). In his youth, he had dreamed of becoming a Missionary to Africa. He was a Missionary, indeed, but in his Native Land. Fr. Normandin’s Apostolate established the Foundation for the future establishments of The Society of Saint Pius X (SSPX) in Canada. This Religious Congregation was Founded in 1969 by Archbishop Marcel Lefebvre to defend The Catholic Faith and The Latin Mass. Some of Fr. Normandin’s little Altar Boys would later become Priests of The SSPX.
 

In 1984, Fr. Normandin distanced himself from the SSPX to re-join the Archdiocese of Montreal. A Non-Territorial Parish of Tridentine Rite was granted him, The Latin Community of Saint Paul, which had its home at the Church of Sainte-Cunégonde (1984 – 2000), then in Notre-Dame-de-la-Garde (2000 – 2007), and, since 2007, Saint-Irénée, which, in 2016, was given into the care of The Fraternity of Saint Peter.

But Fr. Normandin had to make a concession. He stated in writing that The Second Vatican Council and The Mass of Paul VI contained no heresy. Some Traditionalists reproached him for this “weakness.” He himself was somewhat uncomfortable with this episode in his life. But it must be recalled that, in 1984,  many Catholics, including Archbishop Lefebvre, thought that Pope Saint John Paul II would bring The Church back to Tradition. They were disillusioned when the inter-religious Day of Prayer in Assisi took place in 1986.


On the practical level, the existence of a Traditional Mass authorised by the Diocese made it possible to draw Catholics to Tradition who hesitated to join The SSPX because of its Canonical irregularity. Around 1990, I was one of those Catholics. I owe a great deal to the Latin Parish of Sainte-Cunégonde.


At the end of his life, Fr. Normandin returned to The SSPX: “This is my real family.” He lived, and said Mass, at The Precious Blood Residence in Lévis [Quebec]. His failing health unfortunately put him in a long-term Care Centre, where he endured the fallout of Covid-19. The Priests from Holy Family School could no longer bring him Communion. A generous family offered to take him in.

Fr. Normandin spent the last months of his life surrounded by children. The young Priests of The SSPX could once again visit him and soak up his example. He refused morphine, offering his sufferings for his Faithful.



Fr. Normandin’s funeral took place on January 4, 2021, at The SSPX Priory in Saint-Césaire, Quebec. He was buried in the Cemetery of Cowansville, the Town of his birth. The spirit of Fr. Normandin can be summarised in one sentence. It is the famous response of Saint Peter to The Sanhedrin: “We ought to obey God, rather than men.”

Notre-Dame De Paris. Our Lady Of Paris.



Notre-Dame Cathedral, Paris.
One of the finest examples 
of French Gothic Architecture.
Photo: 17 October 2014.
Photo Credit: 
Alexander Sviridov / Shutterstock.com
Illustration: SHUTTERSTOCK

This Article is a re-print from 2024.


Following the disastrous fire in 2019, a massive restoration
project is underway to repair Notre-Dame de Paris (Our Lady of Paris). See the YouTube Video at the end of this Article.


The North Rose Window.
An example of Rayonnant Architecture.
Photo: 22 August 2010.
Source: Own work.
(Wikimedia Commons)


The following Text is from Wikipedia - the free encyclopædia.

Notre-Dame de Paris, meaning “Our Lady of Paris”, also known as Notre-Dame Cathedral, is a Mediæval Catholic Cathedral on the Île de la Cité, in the 4th-Arrondissement of Paris, France.

The Cathedral is widely-considered to be one of the finest examples of French Gothic Architecture. The innovative use of the Rib Vault and Flying Buttress, the enormous and colourful Rose Windows, and the naturalism and abundance of its sculptural decoration all set it apart from earlier Romanesque Architecture.

The Cathedral was begun in 1160 and largely completed by 1260, though it was modified frequently in the following Centuries. In the 1790s, Notre-Dame suffered Desecration during the French Revolution, when much of its Religious Imagery was damaged or destroyed.



Soon after the publication of Victor Hugo’s novel, The Hunchback of Notre Dame, in 1831, popular interest in the building revived. A major restoration project, supervised by Eugène Viollet-le-Duc, began in 1845 and continued for twenty-five years.

Beginning in 1963, the façade of the Cathedral was cleaned of Centuries of soot and grime, returning it to its original colour. Another campaign of cleaning and restoration was carried out during 1991-2000.

As the Cathedral of the Archdiocese of Paris, Notre-Dame contains the Cathedra of the Archbishop of Paris. Twelve million people visit Notre-Dame, every year, which makes it the most visited Monument in Paris.

The following Article is taken from, and can be read in full at, FRANCE 24

A Rare Look At Restoration Of Paris’s Notre-Dame Cathedral.


Restoration of Paris’s Notre-Dame Cathedral.
Available on YouTube

08 February, 2026

Archbishop Thurstan. Saint Or No Saint ?



15th-Century Calendar from Pontefract Priory, now at King’s College, Cambridge, showing 6 February as the Feast Day 
of Saint Thurstan (near the top, under the word “Agathe”.
Illustration: THE TELEGRAPH


The following Text, unless stated otherwise, is from the excellent Blog ONCE I WAS A CLEVER BOY


6 February should be, it would appear, the Feast Day of Saint Thurstan, Archbishop of York 1114-1140, who, having just resigned his See, died on that day in 1140. 

Thurstan is usually, and rightly, remembered as a great Archbishop, but not as a Saint. That may be about to change.


Thurstan was born about 1070 in Bayeux, France, and came to England early in the reign of King Henry I. Promoted from being a Royal Clerk to the Archbishopric of York, at the King’s behest in 1114, it was not until 1119, after a dispute with the Archbishop of Canterbury over their respective rights, and in consequence falling out of the King’s favour, that he occupied the See of York. 


Fountains Abbey.
A Cistercian Abbey in Yorkshire, England.
Founded by Archbishop Thurstan in 1132.
Photo: 24 October 2016.
Attribution must say: WyrdLight.com
Author: Antony McCallum
(Wikimedia Commons)

There he proved himself a conscientious leader in both ecclesiastical and secular matters. This is set out in the Wikipedia biography at Thurstan.

In addition to the extensive bibliography attached to that, there is a useful 1960s biography of the Archbishop by Donald Nicoll.

As a young man, Thurstan had vowed to become a Cluniac Monk when that Community was at the height of its influence. Finally, in old age, he felt able to relinquish his responsibilities as Archbishop of York and entered the Cluniac Priory at Pontefract, Yorkshire, one of the two priories of that Order in his Diocese.


On 15 August 1114, Thurstan became Archbishop of York.
Available on YouTube

Towards the end of 1139, the aged Archbishop Thurstan, who in his youth had made a vow that he would ally himself to the Cluniac Order of Monks, decided to fulfil his vow. 

In extreme old age, he bade solemn farewell to the Clergy at York, and entered Pontefract Priory, taking the Monastic vows there on 25 January 1140. 


He did not, however, long outlive this step. On 5 February 1140, he died. Just before his death, he recited the Office of the Dead, and chanted the Dies Irae, and then “whilst the rest were kneeling and Praying around him, he passed away, to await in the land of silence the coming of that Day of Wrath, so terrible to all, of which he had just spoken.”


A statue of Archbishop Thurstan, who is widely recognised 
as one of Mediæval England’s most influential figures.
Illustration: THE TELEGRAPH

When, some years afterwards, his grave was opened, the Archbishop’s remains were said [by John of Hexham]to be found “sweet-smelling and undecayed”.

From VCH Yorkshire iii Houses of Cluniac Monks: Priory of Pontefract

Thurstan was buried in a place of honour before The High Altar of the Priory Church.

Recently, the Guardian newspaper reported that a 15th-Century Calendar from Pontefract Priory, now at King’s College, Cambridge, listed 6 February as Thurstan’s Feast Day as a Saint. The account of the discovery can be read at “Unambiguous Proof”: Mediæval Archbishop revealed as lost English Saint.


The Mail Online and The Daily Telegraph also have shorter and very similar accounts at New evidence shows 12th-Century Archbishop did achieve Sainthood and at Britain’s lost Saint discovered in ancient Manuscript.


The last recognised non-Papal Canonisation was in 1153, and the privilege of declaring Saints was, in 1170, reserved by the great Canonist Pope Alexander III to The Holy See. 

Popular devotion of course led to others being esteemed as Saints and led to not a few Mediæval Pilgrimages, but this was not of itself the formal approbation of a Cultus.

That said, it is perhaps surprising that the Cult of Saint Thurstan did not spread beyond the Priory which held his bones. The troubles of “The Anarchy” [Editor: The Anarchy was a Civil War in England and Normandy between 1138 and 1153] might account for that, but the return of political stability in 1154 might have provided a suitable context for its dissemination.


Indeed, the evidence we have at present does rather suggest it did not extend beyond the Priory and perhaps the Churches in its patronage.

The Priory buildings at Pontefract were damaged in the fighting during The Anarchy and, in 1153, many of the community appear to have been based at Broughton, near Skipton, Yorkshire. However, by 1159, the Priory was again occupied and was Consecrated by Thurstan’s successor but two, Archbishop Roger of Pont l’Evêque.


Thurstan’s tomb may well have remained in situ, but the entire Presbytery was to be rebuilt twice around it - once apparently in the later 12th-Century and again in the 14th-Century. 

There is no tradition of a Shrine or Pilgrimages for Saint Thurstan; such a feature did not appear at Pontefract until the spectacular rise of the Cult of Saint Thomas of Lancaster at the Priory after 1322.

The excavations of the Monastic site from 1957 onwards until the 1970s, did not, so far as I am aware, identify the Archbishop’s grave.

Sexagesima Sunday.



Peterborough Cathedral.
© Chel @ Sweetbriar Dreams
www.sweetbriardreams.blogspot.co.uk


Sexagesima Sunday.
Available on YouTube

Pope Alexander II (1010 - 1073). Authorised The Norman Conquest Of England In 1066. (Part Two).



Text is from Wikipedia - the free encyclopædia,
unless stated otherwise.

The Emperor instead named Anselm Bishop of Lucca in 1056.[11] The earliest testimony of his activity as Bishop is on 23 March 1057.[6] On 20 August 1057, he was with the Imperial Court at Trebur, and, on 27 December 1057, at Pöhlde.[12]

As Bishop, he was an energetic associate of Hildebrand of Sovana in endeavouring to suppress Simony and enforce Clerical Celibacy.[13] So bad was the state of things at Milan, that Benefices were openly bought and sold, and the Clergy publicly married the women with whom they lived.


With the increased prestige of his Office, he re-appeared twice in Milan as Legate of the Holy See, in 1057 in the company of Hildebrand, and in 1059 with Peter Damian.[9]

Bishop Anselm attended the Roman Council of Pope Nicholas II in April 1059, and another Synod of uncertain date.[14] He was in Rome again in April 1060, for a Synod in the Lateran Palace, when he subscribed to two Papal Bulls dated 14 April 1060.[15]


Pope Nicholas II died on 27 July 1061. The Cardinals met, and sent a representative, the former Monk of Cluny, Cardinal Stephen, to seek the permission of the Imperial Court to conduct an Election. After a five-day wait, during which he was not received in audience, the Cardinal returned to Italy, without having received the “Congé d’élire”.[16]

The Cardinal-Bishops then proceeded to an Election, having forced their way into the City of Rome with the aid of Prince Richard I of Capua and his Norman troops.

On 1 October 1061, they chose Bishop Anselmo de Baggio of Lucca, one of the leaders of the reform party, who took the name Pope Alexander II.[9]


Unlike previous Papal Elections, the assent of the Holy Roman Emperor to the Election was not sought.[17] Cardinal-Bishops were the sole Electors of the Pope for the first time in the history of The Church, in accordance with Pope Nicholas II’s BullIn Nomine Domini”.[18]

The Bull effectively removed the control held by the Roman Metropolitan Church over the Election of the Pontiff, unilaterally abrogating the Rights of the Emperor, the Nobles of Rome, the Clergy, and the people of Rome.

PART THREE FOLLOWS.
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