Notre Dame de Rouen. The façade of the Gothic Church in France. Photographer: Hippo1947. Licence: SHUTTERSTOCK.

23 August, 2026

Vigil Of Saint Bartholomew. Apostle. 23 August. Violet Vestments.


Text from The Saint Andrew Daily Missal,
unless otherwise stated.

Vigil Of Saint Bartholomew.
   Apostle.
   23 August.

Violet Vestments.


Saint Bartholomew.
Artist: René de Cramer.
"Copyright Brunelmar/Ghent/Belgium".
Used with Permission.



English: Saint Bartholomew the Apostle.
By Pierre Le Gros the Younger.
Nave of the Basilica of Saint John Lateran, Rome.
Français: Saint Barthélemy par Pierre Le Gros le Jeune.
Photo: 7 September 2006.
Source: Own work.
Author: Jastrow
(Wikimedia Commons)


The Feasts of The Apostles are spread throughout The Liturgical Cycle, as if to show that The Apostles are The Foundation on which the whole Church rests.

Saint Bartholomew is the sixth in The List of The Twelve Apostles, as given by The Evangelists.

Like the other Apostles, he learned the secrets of The Divine Law and made them known to the World, confirming them by his Martyrdom (Gospel). On this day, The Liturgy prepares us for his Feast of tomorrow (Collect).

Mass: Ego autem.

Boys’ Comics And Annuals: The Lion.




The first Lion comic (Number 1), 
23 February 1952.
Illustration: COMIC BOOK PLUS


Text from Wikipedia - the free encyclopædia,
unless stated otherwise.

Lion was a weekly British comics periodical published by Amalgamated Press (and later Fleetway Publications and IPC Magazines) from 23 February 1952 to 18 May 1974.

A boys' adventure comic, Lion was originally designed to compete with Eagle, the popular weekly comic published by Hulton Press that had introduced Dan Dare.

It debuted numerous memorable characters, including Captain Condor, Robot Archie, Paddy Payne and the Spider.

Lion lasted for 1,156 issues before being merged with stablemate Valiant.


Lion Annual 1955.
Illustration: BIBLIO

In 1952, Amalgamated Press (AP) editor Reg Eves ran an internal competition to come up with a competitor for the wildly successful Eagle. Bernard Smith, who had been with the company since 1922, won with the suggestion of Lion, and was rewarded with both a £5 prize and the role of editor of the new title.[1] 

Smith had experience with boys' papers, having worked on AP's Young Britain and The Champion titles.[2] Whereas those titles had featured text comics, Lion would mimic Eagle by switching to comic strips featuring speech bubbles rather than text captions.


Front Cover of The Champion.
Vol XV. Number 374.
Date: 30 March 1929.
Author: The Champion.
(Wikimedia Commons)

The Champion was a British weekly Boys' story paper published by Amalgamated Press, which ran from 
28 January 1922, until 19 March 1955.[1]

Its original editor was Francis Addington Symonds. From 1929 until 1940 it had a monthly, pocket-sized companion paper, The Champion Library, containing characters from The Champion and its sister paper The Triumph.[2] The Triumph eventually was merged into The Champion in 1942.

The title was revived as a comics magazine in 1966 for a short-lived publication which merged with Lion later that year.

By using cheaper paper stock and fewer colour pages, AP hoped to undercut Eagle with Lion, which would be priced at 3d - a full penny cheaper than the Hulton title while matching its 24 pages. 

The cover proclaimed Lion to be "King of the Picture Story Pages". Like Eagle, most of the stories - bar the occasional humour strip - ran in weekly episodes of two to three pages.[1]



Lion Comic Number 71.
27 June 1953.
Illustration: EBAY

AP identified Dan Dare as Eagle's biggest attraction. Despite having no interest in science fiction, Eves was under orders from management to have a space hero to compete with Dare, and commissioned Captain Condor from writer Frank S. Pepper[3] as a direct rival.[4] 

Initially drawn by Ron Forbes, Condor started out - in Pepper's words - as "a non-character", but gradually developed a following of his own,[1] though never matching Dare's fame and popularity.[5] 


Victor Book For Boys Annual.
1985.
Illustration: E-BAY

Despite most of the characters being created on a work-for-hire basis, Pepper was allowed to retain ownership of Captain Condor.[1] 

Other comic strips in the first issue were Barry Nelson’s “Sandy Dean's First Term”, the first of several serials featuring the titular schoolboy; World War II strip “The Lone Commandos” by Edward R. Home-Gall; Scotland Yard ace “Brett Marlow - Detective” in the first of several cases; and Ted Cowan and Ted Kearon’s “The Jungle Robot”, which introduced Robot Archie.



Lion Comic Number 65.
16 May 1953.
Illustration: EBAY

This was rounded out by prose stories "Rod of the Trading Post", “Big Hank” and “Jingo Jones and His Invisibiliser”, as well as factual pages - in this case features on sport in Ancient Rome, police reaction to 999 calls and unusual inventions - and enticements to enter a competition (prizes included bicycles, footballs and jack-knives) and join the 'Lion Club'. Readers letters were handled by Reg "Skipper" Clarke.[6]

The first issue sold 900,000 copies before circulation settled to around 750,000. While failing to match Eagle's sales - which were typically around one million an issue - this was nevertheless a good figure for AP, and the comic would remain a strong seller for the rest of the decade.


“Every Boy’s Annual”.
1889.
Published by: Routledge.
Illustration: E-BAY

As the comic evolved, strips came and went, though it retained a general mix of war, frontier era and science fiction strips. "The Jungle Robot" ended after six months before Robot Archie and his pals returned in 1957, and would run as one of Lion's star features until its final issue. 1957 also saw the debut of Paddy Payne, a World War II RAF pilot; drawn by Joe Colquhoun, Payne displaced Captain Condor from the cover for the first time and would remain a staple until 1969.[1]

AP was acquired by IPC/Fleetway in 1959. Eves retired, while Smith guided Lion through the upheaval. This included a merger with Sun as part of the re-organisation; for several months the cover bore the title Lion and Sun before reverting to simply Lion. By the end of the ’50s, prose stories had disappeared in favour of either strip material or factual features. Popular additions over this period included stuntman Rory MacDuff and Norse saga "Karl the Viking", while Barrie Tomlinson joined the editorial staff in 1961.[1][2]


Lion Annual 1954.
Illustration: BIBLIO

Several strips of the era would benefit from IPC's policy of moving towards cheaper artists based in Spain;[7] this saw the likes of Alfonso Font, Víctor de la Fuente, Francisco Cueto and Jose Ortiz work on various Lion stories.[8]

In 1962, Smith left the title to oversee Air Ace Library, before retiring. George Beal was appointed his replacement as editor, though he delegated most of the work to assistant Geoff Kemp. Recognising the growing foothold of imported American Silver Age comics on the British market - particularly rivals Odhams Press' line of Power Comics featuring Marvel reprints - Kemp responded by adding more fantastical strips to Lion. 

"The Amazing Jack Wonder" was short-lived, but more success was found by anti-heroes like "The Sludge" and "The Spider".[9] The latter was created by Ted Cowan and featured artwork from Reg Bunn, covering the escapades of the eponymous arrogant criminal genius. 

The Spider's memorable status was sealed when Superman co-creator Jerry Siegel arrived looking for work and chose to write the character.[1][10] Siegel would later also devise "Gadgetman and Gimmick Kid" for Lion.[10][11]


IPC's short-lived revival of The Champion was folded into Lion in 1966; the influx from that title's roster included "The Phantom Viking", heavily indebted to Marvel's version of Norse deity Thor.

The Champion merger also brought in a then-rare licensed story in the form of "Danger Man", featuring new adventures of Patrick McGoohan's television secret agent John Drake drawn by Jesús Blasco.[12] 


The Wizard Annual.

Another new face was Electra Glide-riding Highway patrolman Zip Nolan. Initially introduced as a straightforward action strip in 1963, the following year it was revamped as "Spot the Clue with Zip Nolan", with readers encouraged to solve crimes by hints provided in the story - an idea previously used in a 1957 strip featuring detective Bruce Kent. 

Inevitably some mainstays had to make way for the new direction. In 1964 "Captain Condor" switched to reprinting earlier stories before being retired from the weekly two years later; Sandy Dean's adventures concluded in 1965, and in 1969 Paddy Payne stepped down from duty, having been dropped from the hallowed front page in favour of factual military feature Badges of the Brave.[2]



Lion Annual 1956.
Illustration: EBAY

From early 1965 the cover switched to a splash illustration, rotated between various features.[1] Spin-off titles included the hardback Lion Annuals (issued every autumn, ahead of the Christmas gift market), various specials and the Lion Picture Library series of digest-sized comics. Unlike the weekly, these featured self-contained stories, and would often feature characters that had been dropped from the weekly.[1]

1969 saw another merger, this time with Eagle.[1][13] Throughout the ’60s, sales of Eagle had dwindled considerably as successive owners sought to cut costs; notably since 1967 Dan Dare had been switched to reprint status, and with its circulation dropping to an unsustainable 40,000 it was subsumed by the title created to rival it. 

As well as continued Dare reprints,[14] the retitled Lion and Eagle brought in "The Waxer". The first Lion and Eagle also introduced "Turville's Touchstone"; retitled "Spellbinder" shortly into its run, the story would be one of the most popular Lion features over the next five years.[1] IPC had merged IPC/Fleetway and Odhams into IPC Magazines in 1969, and a slew of new titles followed.

Despite the reorganisation with a former rival causing some internal friction,[11] Lion continued, and in 1971 absorbed young rival Thunder. The merger brought six new stories to Lion, some of which – such as "Adam Eterno", "Black Max" and "Sam" – would be mainstays, while the Lion and Thunder name would stick until cancellation.[15] Between November 1970 and February 1971, no new issues were printed due to IPC being in dispute with their printers.[16] Future Action and 2000 AD creator Pat Mills would produce some of his earliest work for Lion, creating "The Can-Do Kids" in 1971.[17]


The title soldiered on until 1974, when it was finally folded into Valiant from 25 May 1974 after 1,156 issues.[18] This merger was not without controversy, with Lion's final assistant editor Chris Lowder ascribing it to internal politics. Lowder has stated it was outselling Valiant at the time, and that Jack Le Grand – responsible for launching Valiant and now managing director of Fleetway – ensured the comic he had helped devise survived.

Lowder recalled he and Kemp took Le Grand to lunch to state their case, and were told they "just had to deal with it".[1][19] 

The final line-up consisted of the doughty "Robot Archie, "Steel Commando", "Spellbinder", super-villain team-up "Masters of Menace", "Marty Wayne", "Sark the Sleeper", "The Team Terry Kept in a Box", "The Last of the Harkers", reprint "The 10,000 Disasters of Dort", "Adam Eterno", "Spot the Clue with Zip Nolan" and "Mowser".[20] Only the latter trio would migrate to Valiant, while the Steel Commando would become a guest character in "Captain Hurricane".

"Spellbinder" was instead allotted to the short-lived Valiant Book of Mystery and Magic, originally created as a Lion spin-off.[1] As was common for cancelled IPC titles, the Lion Annual continued to be created for the lucrative Christmas market until 1983, albeit with an ever-increasing focus on reprints.[21]



Lion Annual 1957.
Illustration: EBAY

In 1991, the post-1970 libraries of IPC and Fleetway had been combined and sold to Egmont UK, being rebranded Fleetway Editions. The following year 2000 AD revived several classic characters for the 2000 AD Summer Special before belatedly realising they did not have the rights to most of them; IPC in fact retained ownership of the pre-1970 characters and stories (bar Dan Dare, who was sold off separately).

In 2001, IPC were purchased by Time Inc., part of the TimeWarner group. This put the titles under the same umbrella as DC Comics, and allowed editor Andrew Sumner to interest the American publisher to produce new material based on the characters.

As a result the 2005 limited series Albion featured sizeable roles for several former Lion characters.[22] A short round of spin-offs and reprints followed before activity tailed off.

Having purchased the post-1970 library in 2016, Rebellion Developments were able to purchase the balance of the material in 2018, giving them rights to Lion and most of its contents.[23] Selected Lion stories have since been collected as part of Rebellion's Treasury of British Comics series.


Other memorable Boys’ Comics included: Victor; Hotspur; Eagle; Adventure; Wizard; Topper; Beezer. Plus, Buffalo Bill Annuals.

Further Boys’ Comics and Annuals will be highlighted in forthcoming Articles on this Blog.

Do let us know what your favourite Comic was.

Watch this space for further Articles !!!

Saint Philip Benizi. Confessor. Whose Feast Day Is, Today, 23 August. White Vestments.


Text from The Saint Andrew Daily Missal,
unless otherwise stated.

Saint Philip Benizi.
   Confessor.
   Feast Day 23 August.

Double.

White Vestments.


Saint Philip Benizi.
Illustration: LIVES OF THE SAINTS


Saint Philip Benizi.
Confessor.
Available on YouTube

We honour on this day a Saint to whom The Blessed Virgin Mary appeared, to announce to him that he was to enter The Order of Servites, whose object is to honour The Sorrows, through which The Virgin attained the Glory that we have rejoiced in (Editor: The Assumption) during the last eight days.

Born at Florence, Italy, of the illustrious family of Benizi, Saint Philip gave signs from the cradle of his future holiness. The Order of The Servants of The Virgin Mary, called The Servites, had been instituted fifteen years before. The little Convent was not far from his town. There, while hearing Mass on The Thursday in Easter Week, Saint Philip was struck by the words of the Epistle, addressed by The Holy Ghost to Philip The Deacon.

As he bore that name, he applied to himself the Scriptural Text, and, feeling himself invited by The Holy Ghost to enter that Order, he left everything to purchase the Imperishable Treasure of Heaven (Gospel). Entering as a Lay Brother, he was, later on, Ordained a Priest, and became General of The Servites.


English: Statue of Saint Philip Benizi
on The Charles Bridge, Prague, The Czech Republic.
Čeština: Sousoší Svatého Filipa Benicia na Karlově mostě.
Date: 31 July 2006 (original upload date).
Source: Originally from cs.wikipedia
description page is/was here
Author: Zp, cropped by Diligent
(Wikimedia Commons)

The Cardinals, assembled at Viterbo, wished to Elect him Pope, but, out of humility (Collect), he refused the honour and hid himself in the mountains. There, he flourished like the Palm Tree and grew like the Cedar of Libanus (Introit). God then called him to evangelise Italy, France, and Germany. On his return, he was confirmed in his Office for life.

He tried to calm the animosity which existed between the Guelfs, partisans of the Pope, and the Ghibellines, partisans of the Emperor, and ran serious danger to which the Epistle alludes.

He was seized by a burning fever on Assumption Day, and died at Todi, in 1285, on The Day of The Octave, contemplating The Crucifix.

Let us ask God to grant us the humility of Saint Philip Benizi, so that, despising, as he did, the riches of the World, we may always seek the riches of Heaven (Collect).

Mass: Justus.
Commemoration: The Vigil of Saint Bartholomew, from The Collects of The Mass: Ego autem, of which the Gospel is read at the end of Mass.


Saint Philip Benizi.
One of the 140 Saints on The Colonnade
of Saint Peter's Basilica, Rome. Statue created 1671.
The statue is part of a group of sixteen that were installed between August 1670 and March 1673. It was made immediately after the statues of Saint Cajetan and Saint Philip Neri, and simultaneously with Saint Anthony of Padua and Saint Charles Borromeo. Sculptor - Lazzaro Morelli.
The Saint, in the Habit of The Servite Order, holds a Crucifix in his Left hand. At his feet, is the Papal Tiara that he shunned. Philip Benizi, a Florentine physician, became the fifth Superior-General of the Order of Servites. The story is that he tried to become a Lay Brother by pretending to be illiterate, but was found out and told that he could only remain in the Order if he were Ordained.
When a Cardinal named him as a possible Papal candidate, Philip was so distressed by the idea that he hid in a cave until the Papal Election was over.

22 August, 2026

Churches Of Québec: Église du Saint-Nom-de-Marie, St. Marie-de-Beauce, Quebec, Canada.



Church of the Holy Name of Mary
(Église du Saint-Nom-de-Marie),
St. Marie-de-Beauce, Quebec, Canada.
Photo Credit: Pat Dufour.

More photos in the Article by Shawn Tribe
in LITURGICAL ARTS JOURNAL, available

Neuschwanstein Castle, Schwangau, Bavaria, Germany. King Ludwig II Of Bavaria’s Creation. (Part Eight).



Photo: 31 July 2013.
Source: Own work.
This File is licensed under the
Attribution:
© Thomas Wolf, www.foto-tw.de
(Wikipedia)



The Throne Hall, Neuschwanstein Castle.
Photograph by Joseph Albert 1886.
Postcard published 1890 - 1900.
Detroit Publishing Co. Print No. 17479.
Date: 1886.
Source:
Photochrom from Photoglob AG Zürich (PZ, 17479); Views of Germany in the Photochrom Print Collection. This image is available from the United States Library of Congress's Prints and Photographs division under the digital ID ppmsca.00180.
Author: Josef Albert (1825–1886).
(Wikimedia Commons)


Text is from Wikipedia - the free encyclopædia,
unless stated otherwise.

The administrators of King Ludwig’s estate managed to balance the construction debts by 1899.[42] 

From then until World War I, Neuschwanstein was a stable and lucrative source of revenue for the House of Wittelsbach, and King Ludwig’s Castles were probably the single largest income source earned by the Bavarian Royal Family in the last years prior to 1914. 

To guarantee a smooth course of visits, some rooms and the Court buildings were finished first. Initially, the visitors were allowed to move freely in the Palace, causing the furniture to wear quickly.



Photochrom print of the front of Neuschwanstein Castle, Bavaria, Germany, taken as few as ten years after the completion of the Castle.
Un photochrome du château de Neuschwanstein, en Bavière (Allemagne). Image prise 10 ans environ après la fin de la construction du château. Le procédé photochrome est un procédé de colorisation des clichés noir et blanc utilisant des procédés lithographiques (article en Anglais)
Print no. “17162”.
Фотохромна снимка на замъка Нойшванщайн 
в Бавария, Германия, направена десет години 
след построяването му.
Date: 1890 - 1905.
Source: Original image: Photochrom print (colour photo lithograph). Reproduction number: LC-DIG-ppmsca-00179 from Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, Photochrom Prints Collection.
Author: Unknown.
(Wikimedia Commons)

When Bavaria became a Republic in 1918, the Government socialised the Civil List. The resulting dispute with the House of Wittelsbach led to a split in 1923: King Ludwig’s Palaces, including Neuschwanstein, fell to the State and are now managed by the Bavarian Palace Department, a division of the Bavarian Finance Ministry. 

Nearby Hohenschwangau Castle fell to the Wittelsbach Compensation Fund [de] (Wittelsbacher Ausgleichsfonds), whose revenues go to the House of Wittelsbach.[43] 

The visitor numbers continued to rise, reaching 200,000 in 1939.[43]

Due to its secluded and strategically unimportant location, the Palace survived the destruction of the two World Wars. 



Monuments Men recovering stolen art from 
Neuschwanstein  Castle towards the end of World War II.
Date: 24 June 2017.
Author: BM.
(Wikimedia Commons)

Until 1944, it served as a depot for Nazi plunder that was taken from France by the Reichsleiter Rosenberg Institute for the Occupied Territories (Einsatzstab Reichsleiter Rosenberg für die besetzten Gebiete), a sub-organisation of the Nazi Party.[44] 

The Castle was used to catalogue the Works of Art. After World War II, thirty-nine photo albums were found in the Palace documenting the scale of the art seizures. The albums are now stored in the United States National Archives.[45]

PART NINE FOLLOWS.

Westminster. Rouen. Chinon. Poitiers. The Four Centres Of Power For Henry II Plantagenet. Mediæval King Of England 1154 – 1189. Friend And Foe Of Thomas à Becket. (Part Seven).





Soundtrack from Simon Schama’s
“A History of Britain”,
which included King Henry II's reign.
Sung by Emma Kirkby (Soprano)
Music by John Harle.
Available on YouTube


Text from Wikipedia - the free encyclopædia,
unless stated otherwise.

It has been the home of the permanent institutions of England’s government, continuously since about 1200 (High Middle Ages’ Plantagenet) and is now the Seat of British government.


Westminster Abbey.
Photo: 26 May 2013.
Source: Own work.
(Wikimedia Commons)

Westminster Abbey, formally titled “the Collegiate Church of Saint Peter at Westminster”, is a large, mainly Gothic, Abbey Church in the City of Westminster, London, just to the West of the Palace of Westminster.

It is one of The United Kingdom’s most notable Religious buildings and the Traditional place of Coronation and Burial Site for English, and, later, British, Monarchs.


Between 1540 and 1556, the Abbey had the status of a Cathedral. Since 1560, however, the building is no longer an Abbey, nor a Cathedral, having instead the status of a Church of EnglandRoyal Peculiar” — a Church responsible directly to the Sovereign. The building is the original Abbey Church.

According to a Tradition first reported by Sulcard in about 1080, a Church was Founded at the site (then known as Thorn Ey (Thorn Island)) in the 7th-Century A.D. at the time of Mellitus, a Bishop of London. Construction of the present Church began in 1245, on the orders of King Henry III.


Canterbury Cathedral.
Site of the murder of Thomas à Becket.
Photo: 2006.
Author: Antony McCallum
Attribution: WyrdLight.com.
(Wikimedia Commons)


Since 1066, when Harold Godwinson and William the Conqueror were Crowned, the Coronations of English and British Monarchs have been held there.

There have been at least sixteen Royal Weddings at the Abbey since 1100. Two were of Reigning Monarchs (Henry I and Richard II), although, before 1919, there had been none for some 500 years.

PART EIGHT FOLLOWS.

Saint Timothy. Saint Hippolytus. Saint Symphorian. Martyrs. Feast Day 22 August. Red Vestments.

 

Text from The Saint Andrew Daily Missal,
unless stated otherwise.

Saint Timothy.
Saint Hippolytus.
Saint Symphorian.
   Martyrs.
   Feast Day 22 August.

Simple.

Red Vestments.


English: Martyrdom of Saint-Symphorian.
Français: Le Martyre de Saint-Symphorien.
Artist: Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres (1780–1867).
Date: 1824-1834.
(Wikimedia Commons)

Timothy of Antioch came to Rome in 310 A.D. and was Martyred in 311 A.D. He was cruelly beaten and quicklime was sprinkled over his torn flesh. At last, he was beheaded.

Also on 22 August, at Ostia, Italy, Hippolytus, Bishop of Porto, was thrown into a hole filled with water and received The Crown of Martyrdom about 225 A.D.

Again on 22 August, about 180 A.D., under the reign of Emperor Aurelian, Symphorian, who was still a young man, was beheaded at Autun. While he went to execution, his mother said to him: "My son, my son, remember Eternal Life; look up to Heaven and see The One Who reigns there; life is not taken from thee, it is exchanged for a better one."

Mass: Salus autem.

The Octave Of The Assumption. 22 August.



English: The Assumption of The Virgin Mary.
Deutsch: Maria Himmelfahrt.
Hochaltar für St. Maria Gloriosa dei Frari, Venedig.
Français: L’Assomption de la Vierge.
Artist: Titian (1490–1576).
Date: 1516-1518.
Current location:
Source/Photographer: The Yorck Project:
10.000 Meisterwerke der Malerei.
DVD-ROM, 2002. ISBN 3936122202.
Distributed by DIRECTMEDIA Publishing GmbH.
(Wikimedia Commons)


Text: “The Liturgical Year”.
   By: Abbot Guéranger, O.S.B.
   Volume 13.
   Time After Pentecost.
   Book IV.


He alone who could understand Mary’s holiness could appreciate her Glory. But Wisdom, Who provided over the formation of the abyss, has not revealed to us the depth of that Ocean, beside which all the virtues of the Just and all the Graces lavished upon them are but streamlets.

Nevertheless, the immensity of Grace and Merit, whereby the Blessed Virgin’s supernatural perfection stands quite apart from all others, gives us a right to conclude that she has an equal super-eminence in Glory, which is always proportioned to the Sanctity of the Elect.


Whereas all the other predestined of our Race are placed among the various ranks of the celestial hierarchy, the Holy Mother of God is exalted above all the Choirs, forming by herself a distinct Order, a new Heaven, where the harmonies of Angels and Saints are far surpassed.

In Mary, God is more Glorified, better known, more loved, than in all the rest of the Universe.

On this ground, alone, according to the order of creative Providence, which subordinates the less to the more perfect, Mary is entitled to be Queen of Earth and Heaven.


In this sense, it is for her, next to the Man-God, that the World exists. The great theologian, Cardinal de Lugo, explaining the words of the Saints on this subject, dares to say: “Just as, creating all things in His complacency for His Christ, God made Him the end of creatures; so, with due proportion, we may say He drew the rest of the World out of nothing, through the love of the Virgin Mother, so that she, too, might thus be justly called the end of all things.”

As Mother of God, and at the same time His First-Born, she had a Right and Title over His Goods; as Bride, she ought to share His Crown.

“The Glorious Virgin”, says Saint Bernardine of Siena, “has as many subjects as the Blessed Trinity has. Every creature, whatever be its rank in creation, spiritual as the Angels, rational as man, material as the Heavenly bodies or the elements, Heaven and Earth, the reprobate and the Blessed, all that springs from the power of God, is subject to The Virgin.


For He Who is The Son of God and of The Blessed Virgin, wishing, so to say, to make His Mother’s principality in some sort equal to His Father’s. became, God as He is, the servant of Mary.

If, then, it be true to say that everyone, even The Virgin, obeys God, we may also convert the proposition, and affirm that everyone, even God, obeys The Virgin”.

The empire of Eternal Wisdom comprises, so The Holy Spirit tells us, the Heavens, the Earth, and the abyss; The same, then, is the appanage of Mary on this her Coronation Day.


Like the Divine Wisdom to Whom she gave Flesh, she may glory in God. He Whose magnificence she once chanted today exalts her humility.

She who is Blessed above all others has become the honour of her people, the admiration of the Saints, the Glory of the armies of The Most High.

Together with the Spouse, let her, in her beauty, march to victory; let her triumph over the hearts of the mighty and the lowly. The giving of the World’s sceptre into her hands is no mere honour void of reality: From this day forward, she commands and fights, protects The Church, defends its head, upholds the ranks of the Sacred Militia, raises up Saints, directs Apostles, enlightens Doctors, exterminates heresy, crushes Hell.


Let us hail our Queen, let us sing her mighty deeds; let us be docile to her; above all, let us love her and trust in her love.

Let us not fear that, amidst the great interests of the spreading of God’s Kingdom, she will forget our littleness or our miseries.

She knows all that takes place in the obscurest corners, in the furthest limits of her immense domain. From her Title of “Universal Cause” under The Lord is rightly deduced the universality of her providence; and the masters of doctrine show us Mary in Glory sharing in the science called “Of Vision”, whereby all that is, has been, or is to be, is present before God.


On the other hand, we must believe that her Charity could not possibly be defective: As her love of God surpasses the love of all the Elect, so the tenderness of all mothers united, centred upon an only child, is nothing to the love wherewith Mary surrounds the least, the most forgotten, the most neglected of all the children of God, who are her children, too.

She forestalls them in her solicitude, listens at all times to their humble Prayers, pursues them in their guilty flights, sustains their weakness, compassionates their ills, whether of body or of Soul, sheds upon all men the Heavenly favours whereof she is the Treasury.

Let us, then, say to her, in the words of one of her great servants: “O Most Holy Mother of God, who hast beautified Heaven and Earth, in leaving this World thou hast not abandoned man.


“Here below thou didst live in Heaven; from Heaven thou conversest with us. Thrice happy those who contemplated thee and lived with the Mother of Life !

But in the same way as thou didst dwell in the flesh with them of the first age, thou now dwellest with us Spiritually. We hear they voice; and all our voices reach thine ear; and thy continual protection over us makes thy presence evident.

Thou dost visit us; thine eye is upon us all; and although our eyes cannot see thee, O Most Holy One, yet thou art in the midst of us, showing thyself in various ways to whomever is worthy.


Thy Immaculate Body, come forth from the tomb, hinders not the immaterial power, the most pure activity of that Spirit of thine, which being inseparable from The Holy Ghost, breathes also where it wills.

O Mother of God, receive the grateful homage of our joy, and speak for thy children to Him Who has Glorified thee: Whatsoever thou askest of Him, He will accomplish it by His Divine Power; may He be Blessed for ever !”

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