Text from “The Liturgical Year”.
By: Abbot Guéranger, O.S.B.
Volume 8.
Paschal Time.
Book II.
The Palms of two Martyred Popes are intertwined with Grace this day of the Calendar. Saint Soter suffered for Christ in the 2nd-Century A.D., and Saint Caius in the 3rd-Century A.D.
A hundred years separate them and yet we have the same energy of Faith, the same jealous fidelity to keep intact the “depositum” left by Christ to His Church.
What human society ever existed that produced heroes for Century after Century ? The Society, however, which was Founded by Christ — in other words, The Church — is based on that Traditional devotedness which consists in laying down one’s life for the Faith.
And, if so, we may be sure that the spirit of Martyrdom would show itself in them that were the Heads and Fathers of this Society.
The first thirty successors of Saint Peter paid dearly for the honour of the Supreme Pontificate; they were Martyrs. How grand the throne of Our Risen Jesus, surrounded as it is by all these Kings clad in their triumphant Scarlet Robes !
Saint Soter was the immediate successor of Saint Anicetus, whose Feast we kept on 17 April. Time has effaced the details of his life. Eusebius, however, gives us a fragment of a Letter written by Saint Dionysius, Bishop of Corinth, wherein thanks are expressed to the Pontiff for the Alms he sent to the Faithful of that Church, during a famine.
An Apostolic Letter was sent with these Alms; and Saint Dionysius tells us that it was read in the assemblies of the Faithful, together with the one addressed to the same Church, in the preceding Century, by Saint Clement.
The Roman Pontiffs have ever united Charity to their fidelity in preserving pure the deposit of our Faith.
With regard to Saint Caius, he suffered death in the terrible persecution under Diocletian; and little more than a mere mention of his name is given in the annals of Christian Rome.
We cannot, therefore, be surprised at the brevity wherewith the Liturgy speaks of these two Martyred Popes. We read with great interest the Lessons given in our Breviaries.
Saint Soter was born at Fondi, in Campania. He passed a Decree, forbidding Virgins consecrated to God to touch the Sacred Vessels and Palls, or to exercise the Office of Thurifer in The Church.
He also decreed that, on Maundy Thursday, the Body of Christ should be received by all, excepting those who were forbidden to do so by reason of some grievous sin.
His Pontificate lasted three years, eleven months, and eighteen days. He was crowned with Martyrdom under the reign of the Emperor Marcus Aurelius, and was buried in the cemetery which was afterwards called the Cemetery of Callixtus.
In the month of December, according to the custom observed by his predecessors, he Ordained eighteen Priests, nine Deacons, and eleven Bishops, for divers places.
Saint Caius was a native of Dalmatia, and a relation of the Emperor Diocletian. he decreed that the following Ecclesiastical Orders or honours should precede the Ordination of a Bishop: Door-Keeper; Lector; Exorcist; Acolyte; Sub-Deacon; Deacon; Priest.
He concealed himself for some time in a cave, in order to escape the cruelty exercised against the Christians by Diocletian. But, after eight years, he, together with his brother, Gabinus, received the Crown of Martyrdom.
He governed The Church twelve years, four months, and five days. He Ordained in the month of December twenty-five Priests, eight Deacons, and five Bishops.
He was buried in the Cemetery of Callixtus, on the 10th of the Kalends of May (22 April). Pope Urban VIII revived his memory in Rome, restored his Church, which was in ruins, and honoured it with a Title, a Station, and the Relics of the Saint, himself.
O, holy Pontiffs ! You are of the number of those who went through “the great tribulation”, and “passed through fire and water”, to the eternal shores of Heaven.
The thought of Jesus’ victory over death gave you courage: You remembered how His Passion was followed by a glorious Resurrection. By imitating Him, in laying down your lives for your sheep, you have taught us how we also should think no sacrifice too great to be made for our Faith.
Obtain for us this heroic courage. Baptism has numbered us among the soldiers of Christ: Confirmation has given us the Spirit of Fortitude; we must then be ready for battle.
It may be that, even in our own times, a persecution may rage against The Church; at all events, we have to fight against ourselves, the Spirit of the World, and Satan; support us by your Prayers.
You were once the Fathers of the Christian people; you are still animated with the pastoral Charity which then filled your hearts. Protect us, and make us loyal to the God, Whose cause was so dear to you when here on Earth.
