Notre Dame de Rouen. The façade of the Gothic Church in France. Photographer: Hippo1947. Licence: SHUTTERSTOCK.

Tuesday, 15 September 2015

The Seven Sorrows Of The Blessed Virgin Mary. Feast Day 15 September.


The Seven Sorrows of The Blessed Virgin Mary.
Feast Day 15 September.

Double of The Second-Class.

White Vestments.

Text and Illustrations from Wikipedia - the free encyclopaedia,
unless otherwise stated.




English: Our Lady of Sorrows. 1816.
Español: Nuestra Señora de los Dolores. 1816.
Fernando Estévez de Salas,
Parroquia de San Juan Bautista, Villa de La Orotava.
Photo: 2 April 2010.
Source: Own work.
Author: JosuHdez.
(Wikimedia Commons)


Our Lady of Sorrows (Latin: Beata Maria Virgo Perdolens), The Sorrowful Mother or Mother of Sorrows (Latin: Mater Dolorosa, at times just Dolorosa), and Our Lady of The Seven Sorrows or Our Lady of The Seven Dolours, are names by which The Blessed Virgin Mary is referred to in relation to Sorrows in her Life.

As Mater Dolorosa, it is also a key subject for Marian Art in The Catholic Church.

The Seven Sorrows of Mary are a popular Roman Catholic Devotion. There are Devotional Prayers which consist of Meditations on her Seven Sorrows. Examples include The Servite Rosary, or The Chaplet of The Seven Sorrows of Our Lady. Also, there is a corresponding Devotion to The Seven Joys of Mary. The term "Sorrowful and Immaculate Heart of Mary" refers to the combined Devotion of both The Immaculate Heart and The Seven Sorrows of Mary, as first used by The Franciscan Tertiary, Berthe Petit.




The Blessed Virgin Mary.
Image: SHUTTERSTOCK


The Seven Sorrows (or Dolours) are events in The Life of The Blessed Virgin Mary, which are a popular Devotion and are frequently depicted in art. It is a common Devotion for Catholics to say, daily, one Our Father and seven Hail Marys for each of The Seven Sorrows, which are:

The Prophecy of Simeon. (Luke 2:34-35) or the Circumcision of Christ;

The Flight into Egypt. (Matthew 2:13);

The Loss of The Child Jesus in the Temple. (Luke 2:43-45);

Mary Meets Jesus on The Way to Calvary.;

Jesus Dies on The Cross. (John 19:25);

Mary Receives The Body of Jesus in Her Arms. (Matthew 27:57-59);

The Body of Jesus Is Placed in the Tomb. (John 19:40-42).

These Seven Sorrows should not be confused with The Five Sorrowful Mysteries of The Rosary.





Mater Dolorosa with open hands.

Artist: Titian (1490–1576).
Date: 1555.
Current location: Prado Museum, Madrid, Spain.
Source/Photographer: http://www.museodelprado.es/
(Wikimedia Commons)


The Feast of Our Lady of Sorrows was originated by a Provincial Synod of Cologne, in 1413, as a response to the iconoclast Hussites. It was designated for the Friday after The Third Sunday after Easter. It had the Title: Commemoratio angustiae et doloris Beatae Mariae Virginis. Before the 16th-Century, The Feast was Celebrated only in parts of Northern Europe.




Pergolesi's
Stabat Mater.
Available on YouTube 
at


Earlier, in 1233, seven youths in Tuscany, Italy, founded The Servite Order (also known as The "Servite Friars", or The "Order of The Servants of Mary"). Five years later, they took up "The Sorrows of Mary, Standing Under The Cross", as the principal Devotion of their Order.

Over the Centuries, several Devotions, and even Orders, arose around Meditation on Mary's Sorrows. The Servites developed the two most common Devotions to Our Lady's Sorrows, namely The Rosary of The Seven Sorrows and The Black Scapular of The Seven Dolours of Mary. The Black Scapular is a symbol of The Confraternity of Our Lady of Sorrows, which is associated with The Servite Order. Most devotional Scapulars have requirements regarding ornamentation or design. The Devotion of The Black Scapular requires only that it be made of Black Woollen Cloth.




English: Our Lady, Who Softens Evil Hearts.
Russian icon, 19th-Century.
Русский: Икона "Умягчение злых сердец".
Author: Unknown.
(Wikimedia Commons)


On 2 February, the same day as The Great Feast of The Meeting of The Lord, Orthodox Christians and Eastern Catholics commemorate a wonder-working icon of The Theotokos (Mother of God), known as "The Softening of Evil Hearts" or "Simeon's Prophecy."

It depicts The Virgin Mary at the moment that Simeon the Righteous says: "Yea, a Sword shall pierce through thy own Soul also . . ." (Luke 2:35). She stands with her hands upraised in Prayer, and Seven Swords pierce her Heart, indicative of The Seven Sorrows. This is one of the few Orthodox icons of The Theotokos which do not depict The Infant Jesus. The Refrain "Rejoice, much-sorrowing Mother of God, turn our sorrows into joy and soften the hearts of evil men !" is also used.

The first Altar to The Mater Dolorosa was set up in 1221 at the Monastery of Schönau. Especially in Mediterranean Countries, Parishioners traditionally carry statues of Our Lady of Sorrows in Processions on the days leading to Good Friday.

No Feast in her honour was included in Pope Saint Pius V's 1570 Tridentine Calendar. Vatican approval for the Celebration of a Feast, in honour of Our Lady of Sorrows, was first granted to The Servite Order in 1667.




English: Our Lady of Sorrows, El Viso del Alcor, Seville, Spain.
Español: Nuestra Señora de los Dolores. Capilla del Sagrario
de la Iglesia Parroquial de Santa María del Alcor.
El Viso del Alcor (Sevilla). Procesiona bajo palio
en la tarde noche del Viernes Santo
Photo: 8 December 2007.
Source: Own work.
Author: Ajjb.
(Wikimedia Commons)


By inserting The Feast into The Roman Catholic Calendar of Saints, in 1814, Pope Pius VII extended the Celebration to the whole of The Latin Church. It was assigned to The Third Sunday in September. In 1913, Pope Saint Pius X moved The Feast to 15 September, the day after The Feast of The Cross. It is still observed on that date.

Another Feast, originating in the 17th-Century, was extended to the whole of The Latin Church in 1727. It was originally Celebrated on Friday in Passion Week, one week before Good Friday. In 1954, it still held the Rank of Major Double (slightly lower than the Rank of the 15 September Feast) in The General Roman Calendar.

Each Celebration was called a Feast of "The Seven Sorrows of The Blessed Virgin Mary."

The 15 September Feast, that now combines and continues both of them, is known as The Feast of "Our Lady of Sorrows" (Beatae Mariae Virginis Perdolentis). The Sequence, known as Stabat Mater, may be sung at Mass on that day.




Archetypal Gothic Lady of Sorrows from a triptych
Title: La descente de Croix, les larmes de Marie (detail).
Current location: Unterlinden Museum, France.
Source/Photographer: Own work, Alsace, Haut-Rhin, Colmar,
(Wikimedia Commons)


Our Lady of Sorrows, depicted as "Mater Dolorosa" (Mother of Sorrows), has been the subject of some key works of Roman Catholic Marian Art. Mater Dolorosa is one of the three common artistic representations of a sorrowful Virgin Mary, the other two being Stabat Mater ("The Mother Stood") and Pietà.

In this iconography, Our Lady of Seven Sorrows is at times simply represented in a sad and anguished mode by herself, her expression being that of tears and sadness. In other representations, The Virgin Mary is depicted with Seven Swords in her Heart, a reference to the Prophecy of Simeon, at The Presentation.

Our Lady of Sorrows is The Patron Saint of:

the village of Mola di Bari and the Molise Region of Italy;

the State of Mississippi, USA;


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THE SAINT ANDREW DAILY MISSAL

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