Saint Eleutherius governed The Church during the period that followed the persecution of the Emperor Commodus.
Faith, at the time, made great progress in the whole World. After a Pontificate lasting fifteen years, he died in 189 A.D., and was buried on The Vatican Hill, near the body of Saint Peter.
Mass: In Paschaltide: Protexisti. Mass: Out of Paschaltide: Státuit.
Saint Philip, born at Florence in the 16th-Century, left everything to serve The Divine Master (Gospel), and Founded The Congregation of The Oratory.
The Holy Ghost had inflamed him with such love for God (Introit, Alleluia, Secret), that the palpitations of his heart bent two of his ribs (Communion).
He would spend whole nights in the contemplation of Heavenly things, and The Spirit of Truth "taught him true Wisdom" (Epistle). His conversations with Jesus filled him with such joy that he exclaimed: "Enough, Love, enough !"
He loved young men: "Amuse yourselves," he said to them, "but do not offend God."
He died in 1595 on The Feast of Corpus Christi.
Like Saint Philip, with our hearts full of a holy and loving joy, let us run in the way of the commandments of God (Collect).
Mass: Cáritas Dei. Commemoration: Saint Eleutherius.
This Holy Pope is believed to have been the same Urban who Baptised Valerian (husband of Saint Cecilia), Tiburtius (brother of Valerian), and Maximus (their gaoler (jailer)), whom we honoured on 14 April.
Pope Saint Urban I was Martyred in 230 A.D.
Mass: Protexísti.
A 12th-Century fresco of Pope Saint Urban I in a window embrasure
The following Text is from Wikipedia - the free encyclopædia.
Pope Urban I (Latin: Urbanus I) was Bishop of Rome, or Pope, from 222 A.D. to 230 A.D. He was born in Rome and succeeded Pope Callixtus I, who had been Martyred.
Much of Urban's life is shrouded in mystery, leading to many myths and misconceptions. Despite the lack of sources, he is the first Pope whose Reign can be definitely dated. Two prominent sources do exist for Urban's Pontificate: Eusebius'History of The Early Church and also an inscription, in the Coemeterium Callisti, which names the Pope.
Urban ascended to The Chair of Saint Peter in the year of The Roman EmperorElagabalus' assassination and served during the Reign of Alexander Severus. It is believed that Urban's Pontificate was during a peaceful time for Christians in The Empire, as Severus did not promote the persecution of Christianity.
Born at Soana, Tuscany, Italy, Hildebrand became a Monk in the famous Benedictine Monastery of Cluny, on which, at the time, depended two thousand Monasteries. He soon became Prior, and was later Elected Abbot of the Monastery of Saint Paul-Without-the-Walls, Rome, and made a Cardinal of The Roman Church.
At the death of Pope Alexander II, in 1073, he was Elected Pope and took the name of Gregory VII. Thus, entrusted with the government of The House of God (Gospel, Communion), he participated in the full Priesthood of Jesus (Introit, Epistle).
At a time when the Bishops, mostly "Simoniacal", were the dependents of Lay Princes, he strove with such constancy to defend the liberty of The Church (Collect) that, as we are assured, no Pontiff, since the time of The Apostles, undertook more labours for her (The Church) or fought more courageously for her independence.
While he was saying Mass, a Dove was seen to come down on him: The Holy Ghost thereby bore witness of the Supernatural views that guided him in the government of The Church. Forced to leave Rome, he died at Salerno in 1085, saying those words, the first of which are from Psalm XLIV: "I have loved justice and hated iniquity: That is why I die in exile."
Following the example of Saint Gregory, let us overcome with courage all adversities (Collect).
Blessed Pope Pius IX issued a list of eighty condemned beliefs.
Become informed about these falsehoods
which actively dominate popular thought.
Instructor.
William Marshner, S.T.D.
Dr. William Marshner is a founding faculty member at Christendom College and served continuously as Professor of Theology until his retirement from teaching in 2015. A well-known author and Protestant Convert to The Catholic Church, Dr. William Marshner has lectured widely on topics ranging from Islam to The Heresy of Modernism.
I thought that NLM Readers might be interested in this series of Seminars that just came to my notice, a study of "The Syllabus of Errors", issued by Blessed Pope Pius IX in 1864, which is being led by Dr William Marshner, Professor Emeritus of Theology at Christendom College.
Each Seminar is recorded and accessible on The Institute of Catholic Culture Web-Site. You can register at REGISTRATION
Eager to expose The Lies of Modernism,
Blessed Pope Pius IX issued a List
of eighty condemned beliefs.
Become informed about these falsehoods,
which actively dominate popular thought.
Register to watch and/or listen to this fascinating subject
at REGISTRATION
I encourage Readers to look at the Schedule of their other Events, including, for example, a Lecture on the Poetry of Gerard Manley Hopkins, by Joseph Pearce. Go here for more details.
The following Text is taken from Wikimedia - the free encyclopædia.
It condemns a total of eighty errors, or heresies, and, through that, promulgated Catholic Church Teaching on a number of Philosophical and Political questions, and referred to Documents issued previously.
Reaction from Catholics was mixed, while that from Protestants was uniformly negative. The Document remains controversial, and has been cited on numerous occasions by both Catholic Traditionalists, seeking to uphold Traditional Catholic values, and Anti-Catholics seeking to criticise The Church’s positions.
The purpose of “The Syllabus of Errors” was not to explain in depth “The Errors”, themselves, but only provide a list of them, with a short paraphrasing of “The Error” and references to the corresponding Papal Documents.
The actual Encyclicals, listed, reveal what it is about “The Error” that is incorrect, and, in which situations or nuances or emphasis.
In order to understand The Pope’s argument against each Error, one must read, not only “The Error”, itself, but the Document to which it points.
The following Text is from Wikipedia - the free encyclopædia, unless stated otherwise.
Mary, Help of Christians (Latin: Sancta Maria Auxilium Christianorum; Spanish: Nuestra Señora María Auxiliadora de los Cristianos; is a Roman CatholicMarian Devotion with a Feast Day Celebrated on 24 May.
Saint John Chrysostom was the first person to use this Marian Title (“Mary, Help Of Christians”) in 345 A.D. as a Devotion to The Virgin Mary. Don Bosco also propagated Marian Devotion under this Title. The Title of “Mary, Help of Christians” is associated with the defence of Christian Europe (Latin and Greek), the North of Africa, and The Middle East, from non-Christian peoples during The Middle Ages.
In 1572, during the expansion of The Islamic Ottoman Empire, which intended to invade Christian Europe, Pope Saint Pius V invoked Christian Armies, and its victory achieved was consequently attributed to the Intercession of Mary under this Title.
A 19th-Century wooden statue of Mary, Help of Christians,
by Ferdinand Stuflesser, artist of Val Gardena, Italy.
Français : Cathédrale de Trévise - Chapelle de la Vierge - au centre une de l'autel une statue en bois récente du XIXe par Ferdinand Stuflesser, artiste de Val Gardena, Représentant Marie Auxiliatrice.
Italiano : Duomo di Treviso - Capella della Madonna - La statua lignea al centro dell'altare, opera recente (XIXe) di Ferdinand Stuflesser, artista della Val Gardena, rappresenta Maria Ausiliatrice.
Photo: 29 May 2016.
Source: Own work.
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There are two inscriptions from the first Centuries of Christianity, in Greek, related to The Virgin Mary: : θεοτοκος (Teotokos, Theotokos, Mother of God) and βοηθεια (Boetheia, The Helper). The Fathers of The Church referred to Mary as "βοηθεια". Saint John Chrysostom used the Title in a Sermon of 345 A.D., Proclus in 476 A.D., and Sebas of Cæsarea in 532 A.D.
In the view of Fr. Johann G. Roten, SM, the Invocation of Mary as “Help of Christians” is part of the oldest Prayer addressed directly to Mary, the “Sub Tuum Præsidium”, which was found on a Papyrus dating, at the latest, from the end of the 3rd-Century A.D. “Præsidium” is translated as “an assistance given in time of War by fresh Troops in a strong manner.”[1]
Around 1576, Bernardino Cirillo, Arch-Priest of Loreto, published at Macerata, two Litanies of The Blessed Virgin, which, he contended, were used at Loreto. One is in a form which is entirely different from our present Text. Another form (“Aliæ litaniæ B.M.V.”) is identical to The Litany of Loreto approved by Pope Clement VIII in 1601 and now used throughout the entire Church.
This second form contains the Invocation “Auxilium Christianorum” (“Help of Christians”). Possibly, Soldiers returning from The Battle of Lepanto (7 October 1571) visited The Sanctuary of Loreto, and Saluted The Holy Virgin there for the first time with this new Title. It is more probable, however, that it is only a variation of the older Invocation “Advocata Christianorum”, found in a Litany of 1524.[2]
Torsellini (1597) and The Roman Breviary (24 May, Appendix) say that Pope Saint Pius V inserted the Invocation in The Litany of Loreto after The Battle of Lepanto. But the form of The Litany, in which it is first found, was unknown at Rome at the time of Pope Saint Pius V.[3]
In January 1814, after The Battle of Leipzig, he was brought back to Savona, Italy, and set free on 17 March 1814, on the eve of The Feast of Our Lady of Mercy, The Patroness of Savona. The journey to Rome was a veritable triumphal march. The Pontiff, attributing the Victory of The Church, after so much agony and distress, to The Blessed Virgin, visited many of her Sanctuaries on the way and Crowned her images (e.g., “The Madonna del Monte” at Cesena, “della Misericordia” at Treja, “della Colonne” and “della Tempestà” at Tolentino).
English: Statue of Madonna and Child
in Siegenfeld (Heiligenkreuz), Lower Austria.
Deutsch: Marienstatue, sog. Bauernmadonna, in der Cholerakapelle
im Helenental, Ortsteil Siegenfeld, Gemeinde Heiligenkreuz, Niederösterreich.
The people crowded the streets to catch a glimpse of the Venerable Pontiff who had so bravely withstood the threats of Napoleon. He entered Rome on 24 May 1814, and was enthusiastically welcomed.[5] To Commemorate his own sufferings and those of The Church during his Exile, Pope Pius VII extended The Feast of The Seven Dolours of Mary to The Universal Church on 18 September 1814.
When Napoleon left Elba and returned to Paris, Murat was about to march through The Papal States from Naples (Joachim-Napoléon Murat, 25 March 1767 – 13 October 1815) was a Marshal of The French Empire and Admiral, during the reign of Emperor Napoleon I. He was also the first Prince Murat, Grand Duke of Berg, from 1806 to 1808, and King of Naples from 1808 to 1815.
Murat received his Titles, in part, by being Napoleon's brother-in-law through marriage to his younger sister, Caroline Bonaparte, as well as personal merit. He was noted as a daring, brave, and charismatic Cavalry Officer, as well as a flamboyant dresser, for which he was known as “The Dandy King”).
Pope Pius VII fled to Savona on 22 March 1815.[2] After The Congress of Vienna and The Battle of Waterloo, The Pope returned to Rome on 7 July 1815. To give thanks to God and Our Lady, on 15 September 1815, he declared 24 May, the Anniversary of his first return, to be henceforth The Feast of Our Lady, Help of Christians. The 1913 Catholic Encyclopaedia Article commented that: “It has spread nearly over the entire Latin Church, but is not contained in The Universal Calendar.”
The Marian Feast has been Celebrated by The Order of Servites since the 17th-Century. The Veneration to Mary became popular under this Title in Rome, especially, where The Feast was promoted by Saint John Bosco and Saint Vincent Pallotti. [6]
Saint John Bosco was an ardent promoter of Devotion to “Mary, Help of Christians”. He even built a huge Basilica in her honour in 1868 and Founded a Religious Congregation for Women, under the Title of “The Daughters of Mary, Help of Christians”.
Interpreting the painting he had commissioned inside the Basilica, Saint John Bosco referred to it as depicting “Mary, Mother of The Church”. This suggests an identical connection to the way in which Popes have addressed Mary as both Mother and Help of The Church. Recall the two Marian Greek attributions of θεοτοκος (Teotokos, Theotokos, Mother of God) and βοηθεια (Boetheia, The Helper) at the start of this Article. Saint John Bosco, in fact, chose this Devotion because of its affinity to his Devotion to “The Church, The Bearer of Christ”.
English: Stained-Glass Window depicting Our Lady, Help of Christians.
Church of Saint John the Baptist, Ahrem, Germany.
Deutsch: Bleiglasfenster in der katholischen Pfarrkirche St. Johannes der Täufer, Ahrem, Darstellung: Anbetung der Madonna mit Kind.
Vatican II, in the Constitution on The Church (Sections 61 and 62), cites this Title of Mary, placing it in the context of Mary's Maternal Role. “In an utterly singular way, she co-operated by her Obedience, Faith, Hope and Burning Charity in The Saviour’s Work of restoring Supernatural Life to Souls.
For this reason, she is a Mother to us in The Order of Grace . . . By her Maternal Charity, Mary cares for The Brethren of her Son, who still wander through this World in the midst of dangers and difficulties until they are led to the happiness of their Heavenly Home”.[7]
The Church has Traditionally focused on two aspects of Our Lady’s help on this Feast Day. Firstly, The Church focuses in this Feast on the role of Our Lady's Intercession in the fight against sin in the life of a Believer. Secondly, The Church focuses on Our Lady as one who assists Christians as a community, through her Intercession, in fighting against anti-Christian forces.
Michael Daniel observes that, while this approach may be regarded as outdated, in light of Vatican II, where the World and non-Christians elements therein were seen in a positive rather than a hostile or threatening light, it would seem that it would be naïve on the part of Christians to regard all Movements and all Social Trends as either good or harmless.[7]
The Dioceses of Tuscany adopted it on 12 February 1816. The Hymns of The Office were composed by Brandimarte.[8]
It became The Patronal Feast of Australasia, a “Double of The First-Class“ with an Octave.[9] After the Reforms of The Second Vatican Council, it was designated a Solemnity to be kept on the first available Sunday on or after 24 May.
The Fathers of The Foreign Missions of Paris, in accordance with a Vow (1891), Celebrated this Feast Day with great splendour in their Churches.
It has attained special renown since Don Bosco, Founder of The Salesian Congregation, Dedicated his Foundation to Our Lady, Help of Christians, The Mother Church of his Congregation at Turin, Italy, on 9 June 1868. The Salesians have carried the Devotion to their numerous establishments around the World.
It was established due to the great appreciation of Saint Don Bosco for this Marian Title, and the development of The Salesian Works in many Countries since the second-half of the 19th-Century. Although it is commonly associated with The Roman Catholic Church, The Orthodox Church has also known the Devotion since 1030 in Ukraine, when the Country was defended from a barbarian invasion.
The Salesian National Shrine of Our Lady, Help of Christians, is located in Stony Point, New York. There is also The National Shrine of Mary, Help of Christians, in Parañaque City, Philippines, which is also in the care of The Salesians of Don Bosco. [10]
The Abbey of Mary, Help of Christians, better known as Belmont Abbey, is a small American Monastery of Benedictine Monks in the Town of Belmont, Gaston County, North Carolina, outside of Charlotte, North Carolina. The Minor Basilica of Our Lady, Help of Christians, is listed on The National Register of Historic Places.[11]
There is a Chapel of Our Lady, Help of Christians, at the Basilica of The Immaculate Conception in Washington D.C.[12]
On 17 May 1903, Pope Leo XIII granted a Canonical Coronation to the famed image through his Papal Legate, Cardinal Agostino Richelmy, which is now permanently enshrined within The Basilica of Our Lady, Help of Christians, in Turin, Italy.
The same Pontiff also instructed The Sacred Congregation of Rites to assign Mary, under this Devotional Title (“Our Lady, Help of Christians), as the Official Patroness of Australia. She is also The Patron Saint of New Zealand, and, since 1924, of China.[13]
High Mass on The Feast of The Ascension. Plus, Benediction. The Church of The Sacred Heart, Limerick, Ireland. This beautiful Church was once slated to be a Leisure Centre and Bar. Available on YouTube at YOU TUBE
The following Text, dated 28 August 2012, is from THE IRISH TIMES
The Sacred Heart Church, located at The Crescent, in Limerick City Centre, which was on the market for more than €4 million, has been sold for €700,000 to a Community of Priests called The Institute of Christ The King Sovereign Priest.
Also known as The Jesuit Church, after The Order that built it and occupied it for many years, The Sacred Heart Church has been vacant for the last six years following its sale to the Late John O’Dolan, a developer from Galway.
Mr O’Dolan, who died in 2009, had planned to convert the building into a leisure centre and bar.
But now the Church, which was in danger of falling into disrepair, is to return to its original function following its sale to the Religious Community, led in Limerick by 38-year-old Frenchman, Canon Wulfran Lebocq, The Institute’s Choirmaster, who has lived in Ballingarry since 2010.
